Evaluation Of Effect And Method For Extension Of Practical Agricultural Techniques In The Irrigated Area Of Ningxia

A case study in Yongning County of the Irrigated Area of Ningxia was conducted to summarize the effectiveness and the successful experience on the research and extension of the practical agricultural techniques systematically and to evaluate the research and extension methods of practical agricultural techniques.The successful experiences that obtained in the process of the renewal of crop varieties of the three most important food crops, such as wheat, paddy rice and maize, and of the extension of the main crop cultivation techniques in Yongning County, indicated that the practical technologies were developed well with high quality and low cost, able to resolve the problems in the production practice, and welcomed by farmers. It is these practical techniques that are pushing forward the food grain production to higher level in the Irrigated Area of Ningxia. To enhance the research of the practical techniques at the county level should be taken as one of the main tasks for the county agricultural extension center. The guiding principle is recommended to be basically no basic research and focusing on the importation of practical techniques. Namely, only "adaptable research" and "supportive technical research" are made.Each item of scientific achievements is involved with varieties of factors and requires quite a lot of substantial inputs. In the past, the technical and substantial supports to the scientific achievements depended on farmers' contribution. Since farmers dislike to be bothered with additional works or costs, the extension of new technologies or scientific achievements was slow. The major factor that frustrates technical extension is the deficiency in the measures supportive to scientific achievements. In many cases, only the main body of scientific achievement is completed in the research but the supportive measures are not studied only to restrain the practical application of the achievement. There is a deficiency in the link of applied research between basic research and technical extension, so that lots of achievements of basic research could not be extended. But in reality, there are urgent needs of practical technologies in agricultural production. Therefore, it is recommended to reform the current management of scientific research, improve the evaluation mechanism of scientific achievements and strengthen the development of practical technologies, so that the actual needs in agricultural production will be satisfied and the conversion rate of scientific achievements will be upgraded to push forward the progress of science and technology.In pushing forward the application of information technology in agricultural production, effective approaches to combine the traditional measures of agricultural technical extension with the transmission measures of modern information should be probed so as to accelerate and upgrade the progress and efficiency of agricultural technical extension.The conclusions gained in this case study are as follows:1) The advancement and practicability of agricultural technique are the one of the standards whether a technique could be as an extension technique;2) It is necessary to enhance the practical technique research as a link between basic research achievements and their application;3) Only if the research that is engaged in the practical technique research knows the actual agricultural production and needs of farmers his research achievements could be gained rapidly.4) The supportive technical research is the one of the most important links whether the extension work could get effectiveness.5) To improve the efficiency of the extension works should upgrade the materialized degree of the achievements of the agricultural science and technology.The recommendations are as follows:1) To enhance the research of the practical agricultural techniques;2) To innovate the scientific and technological systems, and to upgrade the conversion rate of scientific achievements into the practical production.3) To pay attention to the research of the no-breakthrough agricultural extension...