A Microeconomic Analysis And Performance Evaluation On The Paddies In Shanghai Suburb

The Cultivation of land and supply of paddies in China has been reducing quickly in recent years, while the demand of foodstuff is increasing year after year along with improvement of its people's standard of living. Obviously, it will lead to a crisis of food supplies in China. Paddy, as one of the most important plantations in China, should be paid more attention to on this context.Based on 601 paddy samples from the suburb of Shanghai, the paper firmly focuses on "How to increase outputs and enhance incomes", and tries to find the optimization point of paddy input-output. It has seven chapters in all. Chapter 1 is the preface, which indicates the significance and ways to this research. Chapter 2 shows where and how the sample data come from. Also the principles of data correction are introduced. Chapter 3 has an analysis on the input-output differences in different scales, batches, breeds and counties. The influence of fertilizer to output is so important that it is discussed in focus. With average yield, average cost, average profit, and labor productivity as targets, chapter 4 evaluates the performance of paddy plantation in different scales, batches, breeds and counties. Chapter 5 tries to find out the regression equations of gross output, total cost and gross income to estimate the future values. Referred to typical microeconomic models, chapter 6 sets an economic decision-making model of paddy plantation, which can make marginal rate of substitution analysis, returns to scale analysis, and optimal inputs. Chapter 7 is the conclusion part. In this part, the important results we formed before are used to direct producing process for farmers and decision-making for governors.It comes to the conclusion that: (l)There's no remarkable relationship between average costs and average yields, which means that farmers can not increase average output level by casually increasing inputs under existing technical conditions. (2)With paddy's plantation area increasing, there's no evident change in average yields, but the returns to scale exists in decreasing average cost and increasing average profits. (3)There are differences of performance and input-output levels in different scales, batches, breeds and counties. (4)There's no remarkable relationship between average fertilizer input and average output, but inverse relationship exists in counties and average fertilizer input, that is, the less paddy output in one county, the more average fertilizer input in the same one. (5)The inputs structure in Shanghai suburb is not perfect. Both maximum optimization of output and minimum optimization of cost trend to increase input of physical cost and decrease labor input. (6)The expansion line of paddy is K = 105L, which means that the optimal proportion of physical cost and labor will remain at 105 when the scale of paddy planting is expanded.