| Assement of ecosystem services function and their economic values have worldly wide been a focous in the communitiy of Environmental Economics and Ecological Economics, the direct market techniques now dominate these assment studies, and for this reason we often evauluate the use value of natural resources and ecosystem services, for decaedes the existence of non-use value of natural resources are widely accepted by economists while the economic assesment of the value are ignored in most relavant studies. The total economic value including non-use value of ecosystem services are burderned with great importance of environmental management and environmental policy implications, in this sense, as one of the most popular and standard techniques for the estimation of non-use value of public goods especially of environmental goods, the contingent valuation method (CVM) must be introduced to China to solve the puzzle metioned above, this may be a great task in the subject of Natural Resources and Environmental Economics, because such a important and promising economic method are scarcely applied in China while been developed for 40 years in the U.S. and E.U..This paper is orgnized as follows, in chapter 2 I firstly review the theory and some empirical studies of ecosystem servieces assement from an international perspective, especially for the domestic large scale ecosystem service valuation studies, then the characteristics of these studies were summarized, for example, in these studies we often use direct market methods but simulant market and hypothetical market method are rarely applied while sometimes the valuation work must be done by such methods, confronted with such a truth this paper advanced the nessisity of CVM to valuate the total economic value of natural resources. Then chapter 3 is focused on the theory, rules, bias analysis and elicitation format disparity (willingness to pay and willingnness to accept disparity) in a formal CVM survey and study. Chapter 4 makes the foundation and core for this paper, this chapter takes an urban river as a case, and applied CVM to valuate the ecosysem sevices value, some methodological issues were also detected. Finally chapter 5 is for conclusions and discussions.Based upon the project of Doctor Foundation of Ministry of Education, Water surface ratio control and relavant eco-environmental effect during the high-speed urbanization process in Shanghai (No.: 20020269014) and the project of Shanghai Waterway Administration, .Interland river water surface ratio during the process of eco-city construction in Shanghai, this paper takes Zhangjiabang Creek in Pudong New Area, Shanghai as a case study, the ecosystem functions of the urban river is seriously counted and then the sampling framework of questionnaires is determinated, and the CVM is used to estimate the individual and aggregate Willingness to Pay (WTP) for the preservation of the urban river. In November 2002 we distributed 129 payment card questionnaires and 113 was feed back as valid, and in August 2003 we surveyed payment card as well as dicrete choice questionnaires, for details,800 payment card questionnaires were surveyed with 646 feed back as valid, and 640 dicrete choice questionnaires were surveyed with 507 feed back as valid. This three different questionnaire formats elicited the following the basic findings:(l)The urban river hold great ecosystem services value. The meam WTP of the payment card survey is RMB 195.06 per household a~-1, and the figure is RMB 1289.06 per household a~-1 of the DC survey. Taking Pudong New Area as a whole, the lower bound of the services value of the river may be 9.52 million a~-1, and upper bound should be 82.42 million a~-1, the quantitatively disparity should be due to the diffenent question format. (2)The services value of the river significantly related to some soci-economic characteristics of the study area. The WTP value is significantly affected byincome, education level, household population, donation experience, and environmental attitude of the respondents. Importantly,...
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