Research On The Impact Of Urban Public Services On The Settlement Intentions Of The Floating Population

With the continuous promotion of China’s new urbanization,the level of urban public services has been gradually improved and the scale of population mobility has been expanding.However,there are obvious differences in public services between cities,which has led to the phenomenon of polarization of population mobility.Therefore,how to promote the coordinated development of public services among cities and facilitate the citizenship of the mobile population has become a realistic problem that needs to be solved in the current development of urbanization in China.In this context,this paper systematically analyzes the impact of urban public services on the settlement intention of the floating population based on the data of the 2017 Floating Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey and the public service data of various cities,and provides a basis for decision-making to further promote the citizenship of the floating population and urbanization in China.This paper subdivides the settling willingness of the floating population into the willingness to stay for a long time and the willingness to settle down,on the basis of which the research is carried out in three aspects.Firstly,we analyze the settlement intention of the floating population,spatially visualize the distribution and settlement intention of the floating population,and construct an index system to calculate various public services and comprehensive scores of cities using the entropy value method to analyze the current situation of urban public service supply in China.Secondly,we empirically study the influence of urban public services on the long-term residence and settlement intention of the floating population using the Logit model,and specifically discuss the differences and reasons for the influence of different categories of public services on the settlement intention.Finally,we further explore the heterogeneous effects of urban public services on the willingness to settle and long-term residence of the mobile population from three perspectives: education level,household registration nature and city size.The results of the study show that(1)China’s floating population is mainly agricultural household registration,with generally low education level,a clear trend towards youthfulness,and a majority of married people.In terms of spatial distribution,most of China’s floating population gathers from the central and western regions to the east,and concentrates from small and medium-sized cities to the surrounding big cities.There are differences in the level of public service provision in different regions of China.Public services are often distributed according to regional administrative levels,and high-quality public resources are concentrated in core regions,resulting in an unbalanced distribution of regional resources.(2)Urban public services significantly contribute to both the willingness to settle and the willingness to stay for a long time among the floating population,and have a greater impact on the willingness to settle.Specifically,basic education has a greater impact on the willingness to settle than the willingness to stay for a long time,the increase in medical costs significantly reduces the willingness to settle,and urban culture and transportation both have significant positive effects on settlement.(3)Different educational backgrounds affect the choices and decisions of the floating population.The higher the education level of the floating population,the greater the influence of urban public services on their settlement.This is shown by the fact that the floating population with high education level pays more attention to education and medical services when settle in a household,while the floating population with low education level values urban transportation more.The demand for urban public services also differs among floating populations with different household registration nature.Urban floating populations have more long-term and stronger demand for public services and are more concerned about urban medical services,while migrant workers are more influenced by transportation.There are also differences in the influence of public services on the settlement intentions of the floating population in cities of different sizes,with the floating population in mega-cities valuing the quality of environment and transportation more,the floating population in large cities valuing transportation and medical services more,and small and mediumsized cities relying mainly on education and transportation services to attract the floating population to settle.