Study On Biodiversity Conservation Legal Institutions In China

Biodiversity, which is important resource for existence and development of human beings, is the result of natural development in the past millions of years. Biodiversity is not only a kind of natural resource, but is also quite useful for scientific research and entertainment. It has provided human beings a large amount of resources in the history of our development and its tremendous potential value will be the guarantee of our future. However, due to overexploitation of human beings, biodiversity is facing serious crisis, such as accelerated species extinction, gene loss and endangered ecosystem. The problem of biodiversity loss is receiving more and more concern within the international scope and a series of actions has been taken to coping with it. International biodiversity conservation organizations, such as International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, were established and international laws, such as Convention on Biological Diversity, were enacted. Although measures of these organizations and rules of these international laws are not perfect, admittedly, they are helpful attempts and do make a lot of contribution to biodiversity conservation. They set a good example for Countries and areas all over the world. Biodiversity conservation has become one of the world hottest environmental topics and is attached more and more importance. China is one of the twelve countries which has the richest biodiversity. Its complex natural condition breeds rich biodiversity that provides a solid material foundation for economic and social development of China. Population explosion and rapid economic development bring great pressure to biodiversity of China. The ecosystem gets worse and biodiversity is at risk. China has sensed the seriousness of the problem and taken lots of measures actively, including making biodiversity conservation laws and policies. These measures do ease the pressure for biodiversity and improve ecological environment to some extent.Law is important indirect driving force and intervention strategy for biodiversity, It is one of the most important and effective means for biodiversity conservation. However, the biodiversity conservation legislation in China is not sufficient and its institutions also require perfection. They are unable to meet the need of contemporary biodiversity conservation work. There are four chapters in this paper. The author starts with the general introduction of biodiversity. In this chapter, the definition and value of biodiversity are narrated and the effect of law for biodiversity conservation is also stated. In the second chapter, the author, on the basis of concluding the history of international biodiversity law, discusses the important international biodiversity conservation laws and organizations, especially introducing the Convention on Biological Diversity and Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. Biodiversity laws from the United States of America, European Union and India are studied. Then, the author summarizes the points that China can learn from these foreign legislations. In the third chapter, the author elaborates the history of biodiversity conservation in China and concludes the domestic biodiversity conservation legal principles and institutions. In the fourth chapter, on the basis of benefitting from foreign biodiversity conservation legislation and institutions and studying the domestic legal institutions, the author, by pointing out the problems in the present biodiversity legal system, puts forward some suggestions, such as suggesting amending biodiversity conservation laws by taking the wild animals of national priority protection list as an example, strengthening traditional knowledge protection, developing ecological administrative compensation and supervision for governmental biodiversity conservation duty, in order to promote biodiversity conservation work in China.