Research On The Policy Of Skilled Immigration In Australia

Since the end of World War II, the contest for talents has started under the background of globalization's acceleration and increasing competition in overall national strength based on economy and technology. Developed countries continuously supplement domestic labor and attract foreign talents through developing and adjusting skilled immigration policy. Australia, as one of the traditional immigration countries, has a huge number of skilled immigration. Australia constantly improves skilled immigration policy, which keeping close relationship with entire society, politics and economy, takes an important position in Australia national affairs. Therefore, the study on the policy of skilled immigration in Australia is of academic and practical significance, which can not only show the historical process of Australia skilled immigration clearly, analyze the characteristic of skilled immigration situation in Australia and influencing factors of its policy, but also provide reference to brain gain of China.Australia skilled immigration policy has an earlier beginning, the technology-enabling immigration based on labor agreement in Migration Act 1958 turned on the history of Australia skilled immigration. With the amending of White Australia Policy in 1965, Australia established its skilled immigration policy system in the late 1970s. In the 1980s, with the impact of "restrictionism" and "expansionism" accordingly, the number of skilled immigration increased slowly, and which mainly come from East Asia. Due to the slump of Australian economy and the implementation of restrictive policy on skilled immigration by Labor government in the early 1990s, skilled immigration presented prominent problems gradually, which tested the Australia government and forced it to take adjusting measures to solve the problems. Until the beginning of financial crisis in 2008, Australia had successfully attracted highly skilled technical personnel and improved its employment rate through reforming the skilled immigration policy. Influenced by the financial crisis, the Australian Government carried out a tightening policy towards skilled immigration for the purpose of reducing the local employment market pressure brought by immigration and leading the situation of skilled immigration to the trend of "more stable, tighter and more highly-standard". All of these changes on skilled immigration policy affected by political, social and economic factors, and Australia government will continue improve the skilled immigration policy according to its actual situation.This paper analyses and evaluates the Australian skilled immigration policy development and characteristics based on theory, policy and reality three parts. The first chapter is the preface of this paper. The second chapter introduces the concept of skilled immigration and the major related theories, which pave the way for the later chapters and provide theoretical support.; The third chapter focuses on Australia skilled immigration policy's origin and development in the 20th century, especially its problems and characteristic in the 1990s according to statistical data; The fourth chapter selects the financial crisis as a time node, summing up Australia skilled immigration's main policy and feature in the 21st century; The fifth analysis Australian skilled immigration policy based on political and social factors, social development, and economic development three aspects. The last part shows a conclusion and research prospects.