Study On Security Policies Of South Korean Government Towards North Korea

The fall of the former Soviet Union led to the end of the Cold War, which led international relations for years. Thus, the agenda of establishment of the New World Order has come to the surface. Now the international community inclines to get the maximum benefit through reconciliation and cooperation instead of confrontation as in the Cold War Era.After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, the U.S. has become the Super Power. Under this background, the U.S. plays the role of balancer in the Northeast Asia and tries to expend influence in this area. Therefore, it is inevitable that the Bush government takes measures on the issues of new security threats in Northeast Asia. As a result, U.S. has inhibited threats from North Korea as a balancer in this area. It conforms to the national interests of U.S. to ensure the peace of the Korean Peninsula and the stability of Northeast Asia on one hand. On the other hand, U.S. wants to control North Korea directly by inproving diplomatic relations whereas it urges North Korea to take the reform and opening up policy.China inclines to the flexible & practical diplomacy and omnidirectional diplomacy. Through these policies, it seeks to be the power in Northeast Asia. While making policy towards Korean Peninsula, China fully realizes advantages of establishing diplomatic relations with South Korea and North Korea at the same time. It supports the opening up and reform in North Korea, helps its economic development and devotes itself to the improvement of the relations between U.S. and North Korea, Japan and North Korea, and to boost the international status of North Korea. The ultimate goal of China is to strive for keeping balance between South Korea and North Korea, and maintain the present status in Korean Peninsula to expand its influence in the peninsula.After Soviet Union collapsed, Russia lost its status as Super Power in the world. The urgent problem it needs to face is destabilizing factors in domestic politics and economy. Therefore Russia cannot adopt active foreign policy; it seeks to maintain its international status with minimum effort. According to this policy, Russia will keep maintaining friendly relations with North Korea on the problem of Korean Peninsula as the nation who has diplomatic relations with two Koreas at the same time. Meanwhile, it will go on seeking profits and the balance of the Korean Peninsula through economic exchanges with South Korea.During this period, Japan strives to enhance its regional political and military role to support its economic development. Japan influences the Korean Peninsula by its economic power and labors to strengthen its political voice on Korean Peninsula issue. For this reason, Japan tries to intervene on the Korean Peninsula issue to promote its own interests based on equidistant diplomacy with two Koreas through establishing diplomatic relations with North Korea.South Korea seeks to develop close relations of friendship and cooperation with neighboring countries. It takes the stability of Northeast Asia and peacekeeping as the basic core of its foreign policy.Four countries around the Korean Peninsula has formed strategic peer relationship and take possible cooperation projects as the center of maximum mutual interests.For promoting reunification, This Paper makes an analysis of the North Korea policy of successive regimes of South Korea & their policy towards reunification of the two Koreas, and forecasts the future of Korean Peninsula.Lee Syng Man's government advocated the reunification relying on force threat. He did not put forward the peaceful reunification policy based on analysis of reality.Jang Myen's government was in a short-lived period of transition, he has not formulated any specific policies on North Korea.Park Jung Hee's government inclined to the expendable counterstroke with North Korea. Comparing with the anti-communist that defeats communism by kind-intention competition, the core of his policy is to shake off poverty.Chun Doo Hwan's government made effort for the diverse North- South dialogue. However, he neglected the variety of reunification policy and failed to improve North- South relations.Roh Tae Woo's government put forward the policy to develop Han ethnic communities by North Korea diplomacy IN oder to achieve reunification.The North Korea policy of Kim Young Sam's government was irrelevant with the changes of the North Korean system. He put forward unilaterally close policy. This non-consistent policy has caused the instability of the reunification policy.Kim Dae Jung's government supported the sunshine policy that seeks to comprehend the North Korea regime. It led to the North-South Korea summit held on June, 2000. Its achievement is obvious.Roh Moo Hyun's government promotes peace in Korean Peninsula and strives for the South-North joint prosperity. This is the base of building peaceful reunification and provides the cornerstone to grow up as an economic center of Northeast Asia.From the North Korea policy of the South Korean government in the past fifty years, it is not difficult to see that most the regimes never consider neighboring countries' policies to Korean Peninsula and South policy of North Korea. They simply make and promote unilateral North policy according to their own situations. Therefore, South Korean government should fully consider policies of neighboring countries and North Korea on Korean Peninsula issue from now on when it makes North policy, so that it will formulate and implement more practical policy. I believe in the near future, reunification of the Korean Peninsula will eventually be accomplished...