The Research On Public Crisis Management Decision Support System

With the deepening of reform and opening-up as well as the challenge of globalization, China is being placed in the period of economic and social transition. During this period, public crisis occurs and changes its form frequently. At present, the outbreak of public crisis incidents has been stepping into peak, displaying the characteristic as increasing frequency, escalating scale, strengthening violence, diversifying crisis, internationalization, and etc. The crisis brings about damage in all round. The sudden crisis, such as natural disasters, engineering accidents and terrorism will not only make a huge threat to people and organization's normal life, but also seriously affect the society functioning in order. Therefore, it has great practical significance to research and apply public crisis management system in order to avoid the breakout of crisis or decrease the damage it may bring about. The government has to shoulder the responsibility of handling the public damage and social disorder caused by public crisis incidents, defusing its negative impact and reducing the loss as much as possible. However, there is no procedure can be abided by when we make decisions to resolve these crisis incidents, and the handling of abrupt affairs is a kind of non- normal decision, the government should make rapid reaction to emergencies, differing from its normal management, because of the specialty of the crisis.We should establish an effective working system of public crisis under a unified command and ordered planning to improve the governmental ability in meeting all types of emergencies and governmental efficiency, and to reduce their crisis and loss in greatest possibility. It is the key point to build and perfect the crisis information management system of public sector. The crisis information management system of public sector provides quick, accurate and scientific information for crisis management of public sector, and plays an essential role in the working system of public crisis. The decision of emergency is the focus of crisis management. The decision-maker is under the stress of time limit and psychology when making the decision of emergency, and the problem always occur in unstructured form. So we can use the decision support technique to improve the validity and efficiency of decision.By using the methods of computer technique, simulation and information technique, based on the science of management, mathematical statistic, control theory and behavioral science, the Decision support system (DSS) provides an interface system with intelligence to help supervisors to make correct decisions on semi-structure and non-structure problems, offering background data, helping clarifying problems, changing and perfecting model, listing possible plans, comparing plans, and etc.This paper introduces DSS theory into to the decisions of public crisis management, aims at improving the decision maker's ability of meeting emergencies so that he can make a scientific and rapid decision planning to crisis incidents in short time, to reduce the loss caused by them and to improve the public trust in government.The whole paper contains five parts.The first part simply explains the background of the topic and its significance, as well as the researching status quo of public crisis management all over the world, its development trend and research on public crisis emergency system.The second part introduces the background and purpose that Chinese government developed the public crisis system as well as the concrete procedures of emergency management, and then it makes a total summary to public crisis system.The third part introduces the appearance and development of DSS in detail, its tasks and characteristic, its function and structure. In this part, it focuses on expounding the characteristic and structure of inelegancy decision support system, analyzing the meanings and nature of public crisis decision, which makes us to understand the purpose and significance of DSS, and its task.The forth part is the main point. It suggests a main framework for public crisis management decision support system, and made a detailed introduction to the function of its branch system. The paper takes the emergency decision support system in Hubei Province as an example, and we can have a deeper understanding to the application of this technique.The last part pointes out that the paper made a helpful exploration to public crisis management decision support system, and had certain theoretic value, but the research on emergency management and DSS is in primary period, and many problems are waiting for further research.