Legal System Of "Model" Colony

German colonist landed on the Jiaozhou Bay in 1894,and then tried to establish the"model"colony for other German colonies to imitate. Germany obtained legislation power and jurisdiction power of Jiao'ao by a series of imparity treaties forced upon China. The German established perfect legal system based on successful land reform, and it reveals its thorough colonization. But this period became the beginning of Modernization of legal System in this area. Meanwhile, Jiao'ao had become the start-point of which German law spread in China.The main body of this essay, following by a concise introduction, is divided into three chapters:The first chapter analyses the process of estate legislation in Jiao'ao colony. The ownership of land and the use of land obtained by German were the foundation for them to do anything they wanted in Jiao'ao. On the date of landing on Jiaozhou Bay, German colonist promulgated a decree of forbidding the trade of land. The basic land law was promulgated on September 2nd. 1898 , which confirmed that Germany had the right of preemption and established tax system of land in Jiao'ao colony. After that, there were two parts of the process of land reform based on the basic land law in Jiao'ao colony. The first one is the reform of land system which is the basement of land reform, the other is the tax system of land which is the core of land reform .The second chapter introduces the general picture of legal system in Jiao'ao colony. The legislation of Jiao'ao can be divided into three parts: the first one is China law; the second is Germany law; the third is a series of decrees which were promulgated by the emperor of Germany, the prime minister of Germany, the state secretary of navy department and the proconsul of Jiao'ao. The third part of them was absolutely enacted according to colony ruling policy in Jiao'ao, it contained every aspects of the society. The most important parts were legislation of land, custom, public administration and military. In addition to the legislation, Germany established the integrated jurisdictional system. From beginning of sending judges to Jiao'ao, Germany constructed judicial organization such as courts, police stations and jails shortly.The third chapter talks about the spreading of German law in China. Accompanying with Germany strengthening colonial ruling, German was more and more aware of importance of culture spreading. So German carried out a series of culture policies in the form of opening schools, building churches and publishing periodicals. The two key events for spreading German law were the establishment of Qingdao academy and the publishing of the newspapers and periodicals about German law. Thus, Jiao'ao became the window of which German law spread in china.