The German Occupation Of Qingdao Judicial System During The Period Of Study

In1897, German occupied Jiaozhou Bay by an excuse of "Juye Case", when they took the occasion to force the Qing government to sign a Tenancy Agreement between China and Germany, with a lease term of99years. It was the first world war in1914that terminate17years’the colonial rule by Germany, when Japan beated Germany. A series of measures were adopted by German in an all-round way when they seized Qingdao, namely, administration, judicial system, land policy, urban planning, railway, port construction, industrial and commercial management, education, hygiene, environment, etc. The essay aims at making a thorough investigation in terms of judicial system in accordance with historical data.The first part is the summary as follows, firstly, about colonial system built by Germany, elaborationg on the basis of their gaining colony and management; secondly, about the diffusion of German Law, i.e., they established a specially advanced college which had a Law Department to engage in Law education, they published law periodicals, and they introduced German Law to China as well; thirdly, about the management system during colonial period, such as the colonial governor-general and local management.The second part focuses on judicial organisation at that moment. Court organisation system should be given the priority, including establishing Qingdao District Office specialized for dealing with disputes between Chinese, and the German Royal Empire Court for at least one Eurpoean side. Year1908saw the founding of Second Instance Court, for the trial of organisation and court management system. Besides, there are system of judge and assessor system, which presenting the significance of them.The third part is about lawsuit term research, mainly including jurisdiction, law application and trial. Jurisdiction could comprise jurisdiction classified by human species, territorial jurisdiction, registration, etc., while law application term introduces the differentiatial law application and the major law during that time. In addition, judicatory would give the trial description, cases accepted by District Office from year1900to1909, phenomenon analysis about efficient trial by Royal Empire Court, and the execution regulations on criminal and civil cases.The last part bases on the related law research, such as lawyer system, prison system and policeman system. Lawyer system briefly introduces how a lawyer take his employment and the part-time notary public system. Prison system describes the famous Eurpean prison which mainly lock up the European, and the Chinese prison located in Licun, and the temporary detention. Furthermore, there is policeman system, made up by hygiene cops, jerquer, and industrical and commercial cops as well. Police office takes a great role in maintaining urban health and public security.