The Study On The Local Self-Government Of The Republic Of China

The republic period is placed in the upheaval stage of the social transformation. At the common effects of the foreign imperialistic, the remaining feudalism influence of late Qing dynasty, the newly risen race propertied class and modern style warlord, the social sub- systems of politics, economy and cultural of the republic period all turn in the nasty change and interact each other. Various politician of the republic, on one hand, express their political claims by the related political theories, on the other hand, progressively carry on the political fulfillment activity and make the political situation at that time got the obvious characteristic. Local self-government is one of the important history affaires of the political and social transformation at that time. The administration system and the rules change, will become the path restrict to the follow-up political life. Therefore, analysis the local self-government thought and fulfillments of the early republic period from the political angle and the administrative angle can provide the way of thinking and the views of academic for us to analyze and resolve the present realistic problem.The local self-government is a political system that adjusts the centralization and places to divide the power, this text corresponds from the history angle, launching the thorough analysis to the local self-government thought and the fulfillment activities of the republic, idea at to take Sun Zhong Shan as the representative's local self-government thought and with Jiang Jie Shi's the leader of the local self-government that warlord promote exercise two relations between carry on the research, making the pure and the then local self-government political thought system with at that time social fusion and distort the problem. This text with the politics learns to learn with administration for the theories prop up, to the inside blemish of the local self-government thought and the system design of Sun Zhong Shan, and citizen the fulfillment of the government local self-government circulate and objective result, launch the treatise from the inside mechanism and outside check and supervision factor, pass as to it's successful experience and fail the novella theories thinking, try hard for can for handle nowadays central with place of relation provide to draw lessons from.The first part is an introduction. A related and academic researches present conditions carry on the overview, put forward textual choose a meaning and backgrounds. At the same time for the theories origin of the local self-government and clarify with related and basic concept of local self-government and comb, for afterward of research lay the theories foundation.The second part is to analysis Sun Zhong Shan the contents of the local self-government thought and system design carry on the theories , announcing to public its progress meaning and inborn blemish. Sun Zhong Shan's local self-government thought has a gradual variety the perfect process. His local self-government thought includes the both side contents on the administration layer class. To the research of the province system and the county system local self-government. He is stop for a rest in" the county autonomy" till the last from the first assertion" the province autonomy", variety in which inside outside because of hand over with each other the function help realize. On the other hand he knows that the district of the county is smaller, the population is feat, the transportation convenience, the people can exercise the direct people's rights for business inside the county but need not do by proxy. So take it as the unit to carry on the local self-government, can let people practice four powers directly, developing the political ability gradually, then arriving to simplify matters and national affairs the people all can by oneself manage. On the other hand fall apart, the political situation of the internal revolt and foreign invasion is also made him dare not to put again the power in province, the in order to prevent results in the situation that warlord stand up like a forest. The local self-government thought and western and related theories of Sun Zhong Shan's compare, it design in the system of the local self-government up exist the inborn blemish. Is the huge negative influence that the Chinese political social milieu carries out to the local self-government and did not cause his enough value on the other hand; On the other hand the " the party cure" way of thinking that Sun Zhong Shan put forward exists the tremendous irregularity.The third part emphasizes to comb and analyze the local self-government of the Republic of China promoted by the every place real power faction .From "joint province autonomy" that the warlord of the place initiate to the country autonomy that the real power parties of the place promote, all are the important constituted parts that the early local self-government of people practices the activity. This political influence together and afterwards the governmental local self-government fulfillment of citizen of merging contacts mutually, interaction. Two all allege that be the leading thought of the autonomy fulfillment with Sun Zhong Shan's local self-government theories, and all try to pass the local self-government to complete the society integration and make stronger the oneself real power. The angle that joins the government to cure to learn see, the benefits gamble of the different and political influence give the space and opportunities that the local self-government fulfillment correspond, at the same time again is the baffling local self-government practices to obtain the success of biggest factor, this is the early local self-government of people to show the obvious characteristic.The four part carries on the theories analysis to the governmental local self-government activity of citizen .The local self-government of citizen's government practiced to experience three varieties of stage of autonomy- Bao Jia system- melt autonomy in Bao Jia system" from laying claim to the local self-government that divide power, the extension politics' participate, turning into in to strengthen the Human body to control of protect A system, this is the result that citizen's government changes the circumstance to adjust the policy continuously according to the society. The reason in which has it the rank to limit the influence of sex, but see from the political theories of the of Samuel P. Huntington, among them not lack the factor of suit the realistic demand. At that time various variety of the social condition( the internal revolt and foreign invasion, warlord set up separatist regime, lacked the homologous central authority and political stability), make the Kuomintang is in the implement of the local self-government the occurrence distort, reflecting the political development oneself of inside regulation.The fifth part is to analyze and realistically think of the theories of the Republic of China of local self-government of people. This text gets three conclusions of: 1. Sun Zhong Shan as the political thinker, have the forerunner on the system design of the local self-government. But be a man of active, he lacks to break the dependent thought preparation and political guarantees of proper paths. So, angle depend on from the path analysis, his political ideal can't carry out.2.At the Republic of China, the development of the capitalism will produce the political claim of the race propertied class by all means- extension the politics participate, carries out the political democracy to thus build up the democracy republic. But capitalism economy of development lack the homologous political development and systems construction, two self-contradict produced the society turbulence, the local self-government be used as the political system of a kind of forerunner of capitalism to also therefore lack the homologous implement environment. So, the local self-government system is not suitable for the political social milieu of people's beginning, promote unwillingly and will increase on the contrary under the condition of unwell proper confusion.3. In spite of with Jiang Jie Shi for representative of Nan jing central government, still set up separatist regime the influence everywhere, are all have from benefit pursues the self interest to maximize continuously of political group, under the supposed theories premise of economic person", Jiang Jie Shi warlord of personal make the will particularly actual represented the benefits of the whole political group, they can't represent the social public benefits.( people of benefits)The method that changes this phenomenon only passes to strengthen as to it's system and the constitutional government constructions are to carry on the restrict, but" the party is virtuous" that Sun Zhong Shan lay claim to control, resulting in Jiang Jie Shi's group lack the emollient stipulation direct phenomenon directly.The political setup reform of the present, can take in the precept from the history of the republic local self-government failure, which at the same time draw lessons and adopt from the reasonable composition and the beneficial experience among the related system design, can knows for the reasonableness from the local self-governments more awakely.