Realization On Power-restriction By Society From The Perspective Of Multi-democracy

Power is an important social phenomenon existing in the human society. However, if power can't be restricted effectively, it will be abused and produce corruption, this has already been proved by power operation practice of different social system. So, we must carry on supervision effectively to restrict power. In history, as for the restriction on power, it has formed restrain power by power, restrain power by moral, restrain power by law, etc. However, all of those restriction forms belong to national power's self-constraint in essence, in which the leaders of the party and state supervise themselves. So the power is difficult to be restricted effectively if just only depend on those self-constraint. The Western pluralist democracy has provided us with a new perspective to understand and observe democracy: power-restriction by society. As one kind of power restrain mode, restricting on power by society ought to play a positive role in the power restriction course as a new kind of power restriction route. The theory of pluralistic democracy is highly respected, however, power-restriction by society, as one of its core democratic theories, did not receive enough attention. It is just in the initial stage that the domestic academic concerned about the theory, only a few scholars on the subject published views as a special theme of research. This paper attempts to state and evaluate the theory from the Perspective of Multi-democracy and hope it can trigger further reflection on our democracy-building and be helpful to our democracy construction and political development.The whole thesis consists of three parts. Thought of power restriction by Society can trace back to Montesquieu, whose understanding of restriction on power by society is utilizing one society, which have noble of stratum, to check and balance power in order to maintain freedom. French thinker D'alexis de Tocqueville proposes the thought restriction on power by society clearly. American political thinker home Robert .Dahl restrain bring the thought of power -restriction from society up to a new height. In Dahl's view, democracy is neither "The sovereignty of the people" nor "The rule of the majority". Democracy means not only the check on and balance of public authorities such as legislative power, judicial power and administrative power, but the check on powers by pluralistic society. Society's restriction on power is adopting and giving play to the role of independent social organization, through participate in politic to check and balance government power on behalf of people, and to minimize the government's coercion, ensure political freedom, improve life of people. Synthesize the rational composition in various views, we think that power-restriction from society is social strength, outside of the national political rights system, such as individual of citizen, the organization of public organization, news media, to carried on supervision and restriction to state power through various route. The society restrains power from having distinct characteristics such as extensive, openness, flexibility, timeliness, etc. Therefore, the function of society's restrain on power can't be substituted by any other form of power restrains. Although pluralism paid significant contribution for the theory of power-restriction by society, it is not a foundation but a reference. In order to restrain the state power by society indeed, on the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen the development of social forces and play an important role in restrain in state power under the reasonable guidance. On the other hand, it is indispensable to combine with all the forms, such as restrain power by power, restrain power by morals, and restrain power by law etc, and play their overall advantages and features in constraining on the exercise of power effectively.