Analysis Of The Causes Of The Overall Crime Phenomenon In The Perspective Group Theory

The phenomenon of crime is an important part in crime study. Since the formation of crime in the West, the phenomenon of crime, especially the causes of the phenomenon of crime have been the focus of controversy and debate. However, because of our crime study starting late and the shackles of our state will, the study of the overall crime phenomenon has been stagnating. With China's economic development, because of the social, political, economic and cultural structure contradictions, all these caused an endless stream of crime. Especially the crimes by mobile population, poverty-stricken population have drawn close attention of scholars. By screening the methodologies of the phenomenon of crime and on the basis of the social structure from a macro perspective, and based on the group theory in sociology, the author analyses the causes of crime phenomenonThis paper is divided into four parts:The first part analyses the choice of tools. Its aim is to analyse the two methodologies of the phenomenon of crime in this field for the long-term presence, the advantages and disadvantages of each methodology of both individuals and social structures and then discussed the superiority and vitality of social structure methodology in describing the causes of the phenomenon of crime, and derives the necessity and feasibility of variables used as the social structure of the phenomenon of crime groups .The second part, under the group theory, mainly discusses the phenomenon of crime can be generated by an external mechanism, specifically, the effect of the contradictions of moble groups, level of differentiation, and class fracture on the formation of the phenomenon of crime. First, the level will inevitably lead to social differentiation of the serious imbalance in the distribution of resources, and from the point of view, the social structure variables of this imbalance in the allocation of resources very possibly added impetus to moble groups and when it reached a certain degree of imbalance, it will spark a scale of social mobile groups, and such large-scale mobile groups will be bound to cause serious challenges to various social measures. When it is difficult for society to develop a comprehensive social system to cope with this situation, the macro-control capacity of society on community groups will be reduced, and even goes out of control and this also conceals potential problems for the formation of the phenomenon of crime. At the same time, the level of differentiation will make the middle class namely the middle groups weak. The middle class sometimes is the buffer zone for the entire community groups, and the missing or weakening of the middle groups will cause the naked direct confrontation of the upper and lower groups. This further aggravates the trend of the lower group flowing to the upper. At the same time, groups certainty has increased the difficulty of the lower group flowing to the upper, and this also sharpened the contradictions between the two--an increase of the phenomenon of crime opportunities; Secondly, the smooth flow of groups can effectively alleviate the groups pressure caused by social system defects and increase the vitality of this community, and promote the orderly development of society. Class fracture greatly hindered the flow of the social groups. Specifically speaking, the class of vertical fracture leads to a blocking of the bottom-up group flowing trends, and thus there appears a barrier for the lower social groups flowing to the upper, which results in the increase of the social pressure of the lower groups, intensifying the contradiction between the lower groups and the upper groups, thereby enabling the lower antisocial groups' sentiment, and when such conflicts become a social phenomenon, it easily triggers a large-scale phenomenon of crime; the class of horizontal fracture mainly refers to the class fracture because of geographical differences, and these lead to the obstacles for the mobile groups in the horizontal direction, or in the geographical direction, which makes it difficult for the underlying social groups to rise to the upper class through this. This further increases the geographical contradictions between social groups, and this is why the floating population is the main reason for the high crime rate.The third part is mainly about the internal mechanisms of the phenomenon of crime, that is, how the relative deprivation and the collapse of the value cause the formation of the phenomenon of crime. First of all, a sense of relative deprivation is the internal subjective factors of the mobile groups and the degree of relative deprivation in certain circumstances affect the trend and intensity of the mobile groups. If the degree of deprivation is relatively higher compared with the reference group, the desire of the mobile groups is stronger. And the more serious level of differentiation is, the stronger the relative deprivation of mobile group especially of the lower groups will be. A common contradiction between mobile groups and the class fracture and the class differentiation causes the external mechanisms of the formation of criminal phenomena. The relative deprivation provides the subjective internal driving force for the formation of the phenomenon of crime, the internal formation mechanism of the phenomenon of crime; Secondly, the level of differentiation makes the social goals set by the social groups, particularly by the lower groups seriously distorted, and at the same time, the class fracture makes it difficult to achieve the social objectives by using the achieving means. The extremely uncoordinated relationship between the social goals and means objectives leads to the antisocial groups emotion, and it has sowed the seeds of hidden dangers for the formation of the phenomenon of crime.Different classes in social groups are with different statuses, and the social resources they occupy are limited. No matter whether it is the relative deprivation or external flows of social groups, it both makes the social groups move towards the areas where the resources are relatively concentrated, and it is this mobility that exacerbates the tensions between the different classes; because of the serious situation of the class fracture in contemporary society, the group can not meet their desire to share resources through the normal mechanism of the community. When this desire is suppressed to the extreme and rises to the erupted time, it comes to a time when social groups try to replace the normal conventional social mobility by breaking the normal conventional one, and also it's the time for the outbreak of crime. In sum, from the group theory, A common contradiction between mobile groups and the class fracture and the class differentiation causes the external mechanisms of the formation of crime phenomenon, and the relative deprivation within the will of the social groups and the collapse of the value are the internal mechanism for the formation of a common crime phenomenon. But ultimately, all these factors contributing to the formation of the phenomenon of crime are all under the most fundamental contradictions of human society--the productive forces and production relations, and between the economic base and superstructure contradiction.