Study On The Northwest Countryside Intergenerational Poverty Transmissions With A Village In Qinghai As An Example

In human history's developing process, the poverty question is a puzzle social progress major issue throughout. In various countries, regardless of being the developed country or the developing country, has the massive poverty peoples.From developed countries government to undevelopment countries government, reduces a significant strategic choice which the society shakes. China takes a large agricultural nation, rural population accounts for the national total population above 70%, the countryside poverty people accounts for always above poverty people 90%. After more than 20 year poverty relief efforts, the Chinese countryside poverty relief efforts have achieved the huge achievement, in 2005 the countryside poverty formation rate fell 2.5%. But this does not mean that the Chinese countryside poverty question the thorough settlement, Intergenerational Poverty transmissions tendency is day by day prominent,poverty family several generation of people for a long time fall into poor are unable the white pollution the puzzle. The Chinese government proposed explicitly in"The 11th five-year plan"problem Intergenerational Poverty transmissions tendency the fresh target, has manifested in the Chinese counter-poverty strategy adjustment new trend, under this background, studies our country countryside Intergenerational Poverty transmissions question to have the profound theory and the practical significance.This article in accepts the village to the Qinghai Province poor village to carry in-the-spot investigation foundation, first described has accepted the villagepoverty historical reason, next was revolving three generation of person's educational levels, the occupation as well as marital and fertility status these three possibly causes the poverty related condition to conduct the research to the Intergenerational Poverty transmissions. The result showed that take the household register management as the foundation city and countryside division system, causes the farmer before the reform and open policy, does not have the region and the occupation mobile freedom, the farmer lacks other to make a living the method and the way, only has the dependent barren land to seek the survival; Under people's commune system's distribution system, causes the farmer to depend upon increases children's birth to enhance the home economics income, finally fell into"fresher has been poorer, poorer was fresh"in the vicious circle, under this kind of social background, the ancestry farmer will fall into inevitably poverty and will transmit the next generationpoverty. The poverty home economics causes the person of father's generation, the sub-generation of farmer to lose Obtains a deeper level the education and the survival skill opportunity, after causing their adult, is separated from the povertry ability deficient. After reform and open policy, on the one hand, the farmer is been low the educational level, learning capability is bad, the new product, the new technology utilize in with difficulty the agricultural production, relies on the agricultural production white pollution the possibility basically not to exist; On the other hand, along with unified purchasing of farm produce by the state according to fixed quotes's shift, the rural labor force basic right and wrong skilled worker, masters the modern production technology with difficulty, mostly can only enter the stability to be bad, wages low status to specification not high secondary labor market. Goes out the income which gets employed to be insufficient to support the poverty farmer to be separated from poor.This article main conclusion includes:â‘ Before the reform and open policy, the system factor (city and countryside division's household register system, People's commune system and so on) will be the impoverished community falls into impoverished and will transmit the next generation impoverished the primary cause.â‘¡After reform and open policy, the system factor (household register system, limit non-native population employment's policy and so on) still creates one of impoverished generation of border transmission reasons, but non-system factor--"education barrier"the function is becoming the impoverished generation of border transmission gradually originalâ‘¢The poor family financial circumstances cause the impoverished family the sub-generation of community to educate and in the marriage market simultaneously are at the inferiority position, but this kind of inferiority status's accumulation causes to transmit the sub-generation impoverished from the person of father's generation. Therefore, should strengthen to the impoverished community's vocational skill education and training, increases the non-agriculture employment opportunity.