The First Fulcrum Of Public Administration-A Philosophical Reflection On Efficiency And Fairness

The public administration has always been the focus of the "public domain", which affects the welfare of the public. With the development of society and rapidly change, the problems faced by public administration has become more complex, both increased reliance on public administration, and reduced the confidence in public administration. The process and results of public administration have a direct impact on its legitimacy and effectiveness, but the value premise of the public administrative activities will also affect its process and result. In public administration, "efficiency" and "fairness" are the two most common core value orientation, has a positive role in dealing with public affairs, also is the necessary choice, however, they more often appears in the form of an antagonistic contradiction, points to a completely different logic result. Based on this, the article is to discuss efficiency and fairness should be how to sort and choose. This need to combed the theory of public administration in different periods, to identify the views from all sides, including the traditional public administration, new public administration, new public management and new public services four stages. In addition, it also needs to be observed from the civic action logic and government administration pattern. Efficiency and fairness contradiction form is varied, and it links up with multiple sets of opposite concepts, relates to important content such as policy participation and benefit distribution, from various angles of understanding also helps to determine the relationship between them. Through a detailed analysis and review of the above content, come to the fairness is more important than efficiency. Finally, in the public administration, need to make the distinction between value and value orientation, recognizing that efficiency and fairness are opposite in some cases, and in a certain circumstances is united, take fairness as the first fulcrum to establish the publicness of public administration.