The Evolvement And Revelation About Rawls' Thought On Harmonious Society

John Rawls, one of the most important political philosophers in contemporary USA and even in circle of western thought. The core of Rawls'harmonious society thought is fairness and justice. In his masterpiece, ,he has explained the theory"justice as fairness"systematically, and it deals with the basic structure of the society, takes"the fair justice"as the purpose and advances two justice principles which are for the purpose of providing a kind of basic moral principle to guide the basic structure of society for the modern western democratic society. The core of the whole book is two justice principles: the first one is equal free principle, and the second one is the combining of fair equality of opportunity and difference principle. But,"A Theory of Justice"has attracted great attention of many kinds of divergent western schools of thought since it was published. And it also received various veto. As a representative of Communitarian, Sander carried on a powerful critique on"A Theory of Justice". During the process of replying those critics, Rawls started to amend his theory. In his Political Liberalism published in 1993, Due to he had realized the fact of reasonable pluralism in modern democratic society and partly receiving the communitarians' critique, Rawls defines "justice as fairness" as political justice. And he descended to strictly restrict his theory in the field of political philosophy, at the same time he clearly alleged that political liberalism had no use for any metaphysical or ethical theory as its theoretic base. The Law of Peoples is Rawls' another strength compose besides his A Theory of Justice and Political Liberalism. This book expresses him final conclusion to ponder the justice question and expressed him clearest thinking to the political philosophy. In The Law of Peoples, Rawls expanded his theory of justice from the domestic to international justice, and it is how to make the realization of international justice between all kinds of societies come true. Furthermore, Rawls'thought of justice has the influential illumination significance to our country will establish the socialistic harmonious society.