Native Habitus And "Democratic Consciousness": The Practice Logic Of Village Autonomy

Bourdieu believes that the task of sociology is"revealing the hidden structures in a variety of different social worlds which constitute the social universe. At the same time, it ensures that these structures are revealed to be a mechanism for reproduction or transformation". Sociologist's duty is to analyze the function of society. (Bourdieu, Pierre & Wacquant, Loic) Gaston. Bachelard who is the French philosopher of science also said:"Science must find the secret","Now that, it is the scientific studying the society, and will inevitably have to find hidden secret". (Quoted from the Sun Liping, 2002)The article will analyze the process of the village elections'practice and reveal the underlying logic of the autonomy of villagers, as well as all sorts of hidden secret. The autonomy of villagers has been implemented for more than twenty years and great progress has been made. Almost all the villages have set up a village self-government organizations until now, and village self-government has been widely publicized, and get the exploration and development deeply. However, the autonomy of villagers has been facing the difficulty. In the election, it encounters a significant lack of participation, so that the village committee can not become the spokesman for candidate. This article analyzes the plight of the villager's self-government by the important aspect of the village election. Village elections are not a static case, nor is it a universal, common village governance, but a practice in the specific time and space. In other words, the village autonomy also has a different logic in China's different geographical space. This article is to reveal the Logic and mechanisms of village autonomy running at this unique time and space.We may see that we can not only analyze the village autonomy in the macro level and the structure, but it is placed in a specific field and make a concrete and dynamic analysis from the above expression. In this paper, I select the village Y which is located in the Ludong region as the research subject. In this village which has less than 500 villagers, there is a contest between tradition and"democratic forces". During the election, there were chaos and the formation of a fracture in the village and two equal groups attack each other. In the past few years, the status of two forces replace mutually between the family strength which is headed Zhang family and"democratic forces"led by the economic elite. Zhang family relies on the traditional extended family ties and the"bad order situation", and elite Group of the economy rely on interest lie in money. I consider a question from the above situation: What reasons lead to the fracture of the village groups? In other words, what is the underlying logic which causes such a fracture? Most people would think the surface or external factors which include imperfect system, legal system, the low quality of peasant culture, the temptation of money, powerful family and so on. I think that it is not so easy and make an important basic assumption: Key factor causing the plight of the villager's self-government is not external factor, but villager's ideological fracture which belongs internal factor, and if we want to get out of the plight of the villagers self-government, we must bridge this ideological fracture.