From External Freedom To Inner Freedom: Yin Haiguang's Liberalism

Yin Haiguang is the most influential intellectuals in the mid-twentieth century in Taiwan and is a famous liberalist thinker. He has an important role in Chinese intellectual history in the twentieth century.As an important representative of Chinese liberalism,his liberalism is typical and is not only a symbol of the continuation of the first 50 years,but also a symbol of 50 years after the transfer into .To analyze his liberalism which is about from external freedom to inner freedom clearly,the thesis consists of four parts.Partâ… Description of the clue of Yin's liberalism.Because of the decline of the feudal family and the family backgrounds of his childhood education at an early age,he would have had on the Chinese traditional culture disgust.After he took Mr.Jin Yuelin as his teacher,he accepted a complete liberal system of western thought,especially about logical science and liberalism.At the same time,he had learned much from Russell who is a master of liberalism in the western world.The latter is by the impact of Hayek. Then the reality of their poor living environment, as well as with the disciples in the United States Lin Yusheng, Zhang Hao of the discussion, it began to rethink the traditional problems for the realization of liberalism in China, has made significant efforts.Partâ…¡Analyze the basis of Yin's liberalism,this part is divided into two areas of: the first is on its thinking on the basis of the methodology, that is logical science. He has always been the logic of the experience of love is actually the originator of the Vienna school of Anglo-American empiricism of logical positivism. Logical science became a critical and negative Yin of Chinese traditional culture, the concept of a free and democratic publicity powerful weapon.The reason why the logical science would choose as the basis of their methodology, there are four basic reasons: First, by his academic background and academic interests of the constraints; Second, by his anti-ideological orientation of the impact of traditionalism; Third, the reality the political situation had made him cut from the logical point of view; Fourth, the source of his thinking is different from its predecessors, the direct experience of Western life. The second area is on its ideological and moral basis of the statement that the reconstruction of the moral. In his "moral renewal" of a text to re-examine the traditional Chinese culture, changed the early years, the idea of anti-traditionalism and the tendency of re-affirmed the traditional virtues of the essence of the thinking and freedom of communication tradition. Yin later years the idea of changing internal and external factors. In terms of the underlying reasons for this period, he fell into a poor cross, the plight of helpless, and in calm reflection and to explore the theory, he found a number of ideologically biased before the department. On the external reasons, the subject student Zhang Hao, and Lin Yusheng Xu Fuguan traditionalists, the impact of Tang Junyi, who made him the door of the traditional confucian ideal of style and ethics have had more recognition. Yin for thinking of traditional Chinese culture, can be roughly divided into two levels, on the one hand, the traditional moral culture to face up to, on the other hand, and freedom of traditional communication efforts.Partâ…¢Discouring Yin's liberalism about"comprehensive freedom".It's about his theory of external freedom and inner freedom. First of all, it's the external freedom, freedom on the external constraints - "force" .Out of the cherished freedom, Yin carefully studied the "force" forms, saying that he "force" is divided into three categories: First, naked violence, and the other is the strength of a variety of myths, and the third is economy. They can also be derived from a variety of forms, and the interaction and interrelated, and the turn of the use of a powerful force in the town of system free of external constraints. In order to overcome the force, the protection of external freedom, Yin advocate of private property and to maintain the rule of law. He carried on Hayek's views on private property, that is, "to recognize the separation of private property or the property, though not the only system to prevent the town, but an important condition for it. Unless we can really have full control of some material things.Otherwise, we rarely plan to engage in a full body thing. "At the same time, he believes that only under the rule of law, the town of system can be restricted, freedom can be realized. In addition, this rule of law must have three basic attributes. Secondly, in the inner freedom, discussed the lack of inner freedom and its reconstruction. In modern society, people's things, the pursuit of money Money, is suffering from a "lack of moral disorder." Another sense, "the soul's cell," detention of a person's thinking, cross-resistance of all the justifications for the pursuit of knowledge. Inner freedom in these two areas is due to the loss of reason. In dispensing with the traditional Chinese culture based on Yin tried to traditional confucian virtues in the search for inner freedom in the path of liberation. He re-affirmed are still applicable today, the value of traditional culture, the tradition of some of the defects will also be a negative and critical. Finally, in this part of the summary discusses the inner freedom and freedom outside the relationship between the two. Freedom is the freedom of his starting point, there is no inner freedom, the freedom there is no external meaning. Inner freedom and the need for external protection of the freedom, the lack of an external freedom, inner freedom worthless. Therefore, he advocated a combination of the two ,it's "comprehensive freedom."Partâ…£My synthetical comments about the liberal thoughts of Yin.There are two aspects about that.First, in the theory of the degree of freedom, he is more profound than their predecessors, and the freedom of western and Chinese traditional culture has made important efforts to communicate. Changes in his old age to the future generations the important idea of the study. These are his contribution. Secondly, due to the efforts of Yin-oriented academic research capabilities not been firm enough and the restrictions on the freedom of thought or their own shortcomings and has limitations.