A Study On Experts Participation In The Public Decision-Making In China

Under the surrounding of globalization, informationization, tremendous changes have taken place in the whole world. China is at the phase of reforming, facing a large number of problems and challenges in the public field. As public decision-making is facing more complex environment and it is affecting more and more people, the potential errors in public decision-making can not make up for the losses. Therefore, public decision-making should be scientific. Scientific decision-making needs professional knowledge as assistance. Experts are the people who have professional knowledge and expertise skills. If they can participate in the public decision-making, their knowledge and skill would be able to make up for the inadequacy of government information. Experts participate in public decision-making. They provide professional knowledge and good suggestions in the decision-making process, which would make public decision-making more scientific and effective.As government's think tank, experts are one of the participators in public decision-making. An effective way to make the experts play an important role in public decision-making is to design a better system. At the same time, the decision-making process should not over-emphasize the role of experts while ignoring the views of the public. It is also indispensable to build the interaction mechanism among the government, experts and the public. In this mechanism, the three participators can speak out their opinions and communicate freely to achieve a satisfying result, promoting the public decision-making more scientific and democratic in China.There has been a lot of research about experts participation in public decision-making in China and some foreign countries. Some mainly discussed think tank's impact on the public decision-making. Some other studied the relationship between the experts'knowledge and public decision-making. Our country's experts participation in public decision-making can be traced back to the Shang Dynasty, and it continued to evolve with the development of society. But in ancient, experts participation in public decision-making could not get rid of political decision-makers'personal attachment, decision-making was not scientific enough. Since the founding of New China, China's system of public decision-making got fundamental changes. Experts participation in decision-making had undergone substantial changes, step by step, decision-making is more and more scientific. In recent years, local governments continue to explore new ideas of experts participation in public decision-making in practice, and have achieved a lot of experience. However, experts participation in public decision-making in China is also faced with various problems. The institution is imperfect. Experts'advice is difficult to maintain neutral. Experts'professional knowledge has limitations .There is contradiction between experts'advice and public opinions. The key to solve these problems is to strengthen the institution of experts participation , which is the protection of scientific decision-making. It is necessary to explore effective ways from these aspects: attaching importance to experts participation in pubic decision-making, making legislative norms for experts participation, setting up team of experts to provide policy advice, integrating intellectual resources and protecting the rights and interests of experts. At the same time, it should be noted that the expert is not on the true meaning of the public. They not necessarily represent the general interest of the masses. It is necessary to set up a mechanism to collect the public'opinions to prevent experts autarchy. Through several public decision-making models'comparison, combining with the environment in our country China's public decision-making model should allow the Government, experts, citizens to communicate, which is an interaction mechanism among Government ,experts, citizens .The model can prevent the negative effect of experts participation, that is, experts'opinions compelling public views .