From Chechen Problem To Chechen War

Since the 1990s, the Chechen problem has been increasingly fierce, and has caused two Chechen wars directly. After two Chechen wars, the Chechen fission group was routed. But the Chechen situation was not steady, because the terrorism events still occurred sometimes. The evolution of Chechen situation has profound historical reasons. So the confrontation between the Chechen people and the Russian state has deep roots and cannot be studied or understood outside its historical context.This article is based on meticulous study of the archival sources, published materials and, in the case of more recent history, the author's personal observations during fieldwork in the region, in order to find the Chechen problem's historical reasons and inspect the process of the Russian-Chechen encounter. It includes Chechen's culture geographical environment, the Chechen early history and the relation with outside world in the early time, the policy of Tsarist Russia conquering Chechen and its high-pressured rule in the Caucasus, as well as Chechen's national condition in the Soviet, particularly in the period from 1944 to 1957 when Chechen were the Soviet special immigrants. In addition, it also has discussed the process of two Chechen war and the reason for the Chechen separatism evolved to the contemporary terrorism.This article believes that the formation of Chechen problem is closely related with the national policy from Tsarist Russia to the Soviet. And it has further discussed The Soviet Union's "national autonomy" policy and federal system, as well as the institutional reason and the cultural reason of ethnic conflicts . The research on Chechen problem has great significance to the multinational country with similar problem.