Value Conflict And Choice Of Policy Instruments

Policy instruments are a series of method, way of acting and mechanism, in order to acting on policy problems and target group. They are the bridge between policy intentions and policy outcomes. From the 1980s, the movements such as"New Public Management"and"Government Re-engineering"are flourishing. The governance tools appear to be multivariate, policy instrument is turning to be an important concept in public management and policy science research, at the same time, policy instrument becoming a new subdiscipline.Through the ages, we pay more attention on the restraining factors of policy instrument choice, and lacking of researching on different value orientations of different policy instrument. The value orientations are influencing the behavior of policy instrument choicer before policy instrument choice. The inner value orientation conflicts are ignorable aspects of policy instrument choice. Only when we fully understand these conflicts, we can choose the suitable tools for the policy goals, and thereby solve policy problems.When we choose policy instruments, the value orientation is an inevitable standard; however, it's not the only dimension of policy instrument choice. Researching on other dimensions, we can not only know how fit different policy instruments are, but also research the influence the dimensions working on value. They all can help the government do a more effective choice.No matter theoretically or practically, doing analysis on policy choice under value orientation conflict is meaningful. Especially the policy instruments which have already had good results in other countries can or cannot make affects on Chinese administrative system reforming and government functions transforming. They all need intensive study.The thesis is divided into following aspects:In the first part, the author introduce the origin of policy instrument, and explain the value of research, former and resent research, content of research of policy instrument. And then, pave the way of discussion of policy instrument concept and category.In the second part, the author introduces the history and present situation of policy instrument defining and category. And choose the suitable concept and category for research in this thesis.In the third part, the author elaborates the differences that heterogeneous policy instruments contain. And then, expound the conflicts based on these differences.In the forth part, the author analyzes the practical evaluation criterions .And use as a source of reference, give some standards about policy instrument choice.In the fifth part, the author make analysis on how multiply dimensions such as degree of coerciveness, degree of directness, degree of automaticity, degree of visibility make influence on value orientation, and do policy instruments choice on real practice.