A Study On The Ideological & Political Education In Russia

The disintegration of the Soviet Union and the complete independence of the Russian federation in 1991 have brought profound changes to the Russian society, and its state nature has also changed fundamentally. Naturally, they lead to corresponding transformation in social structure, cultural education, ethics and morality. There is no exception to the ideological & political education in Russia and it presents different characteristics from those in the period of the Soviet Union. The ideological & political education in Russia is now in the period of recovery and construction. It is very necessary to investigate its current situations for drawing lessons from the experiences and lessons of the ideological & political education changes in the former socialist countries and for further strengthening and improving the ideological & political education in China under the new situation of reform and opening.The paper mainly researches the ideological & political education in Russia after the disintegration of Soviet Union, it adopts the methods of literature research, comparative research, factor analysis, etc. to analyze the background, ideological origin, contents, methods and characteristics of the ideological & political education in Russia. Meanwhile, it also comments on its achievement and deficiency objectively.The ideological & political education in Russia is carried out in the background of globalization, political system transition after Soviet Union's disintegration and educational concept transformation. Its reform experiences two periods: the crises in 1990s and the recovery and reconstruction in the new century. Through systematic investigation we found that the contents of the ideological & political education in Russia mainly include the patriotism education with the major task of remodeling national spirits, the political education with non-party and non-ideology, the moral education with the humanitarianism value orientation and whole-mankind values education. In the aspect of education methods, it pays attention to positive guidance based mainly on course teaching, comprehensive penetration method based on extracurricular activities, education through religion and mass media, and so on. The characteristics of the ideological & political education in Russia reflect as the core of the patriotism education, the national traditional culture education, emphases of the individualization, humanity and humanized idea of the ideological & political education, and the education system based mainly on school and supplement on the other organizations. Based on the comment on its achievement objectively, it is considered that we should insist on the leading position of the government in the ideological & political education, keep pace with the times in the theoretical construction, play its role of main position, and rely on our national traditional culture to strengthen the ideological & political education in China.