The Evolution Of The Land Administration Practice Of Nanjing National Government

In the result, the Land Administration practice of Nanjing National Government has no doubt been a failure, it has become a major economic reasons that People do not support Kuomintang government, and it has to be retreat to Taiwan. However, this period of the Land Administration practice is not no good in practice or without an attempt to seek. Regardless, the central and local government's efforts have achieved considerably positive effects, even today they also have a profound educational meaning. Lasted 22 years'preparation, this series of explorations eventually contributed to the success of land reform in Taiwan. In personal opinion, it is better to treat as a certification of the feasibility of the Land Administration practice of Nanjing National Government than to treat as a turning point in the political life of the KMT.Its success that witnessed the tortuous and difficult road of the Land Administration practice of Nanjing National Government. In this paper, the KMT representatives'the Land Economic thought, combined was mainly land legislation, Land Policy, and relevant Lands Experiment, analysis of the time of Land Reform of Nanjing National Government's changes and continuation. Want to restore the original appearance of the Land Administration practice of Nanjing National Government.This structure is divided into five parts:The first part, The situation of Chinese Land Economy before the set of Nanjing National Government. This is part of a detailed analysis of China's rural economic model of traditional land, and internal and external pressures on the model of the impact of the situation. Early 20th century,20, China's agricultural economy has shown a "lack of money and labor, non-profit, farmers'bankruptcy" of the distress situation. Nanjing National Government is facing political and economic crisis of the Dead rates.The second part, the Land Economy thought of Nanjing National Government leaders. This section focuses on the two leaders of the KMT. The Land Economy thought of Sun Yat-sen and Chiang Kai-shek. "Land to the tiller", is Sun Yat-sen life-long "People's Livelihood" ultimate ideal. His means, "Land of state-owned, tax off the landlord", that Reflects the Sun Yat-sen's personal characteristics of "peace" to solve economic problems of agriculture. Chiang Kai-shek behest of succession of Sun Yat-sen, And creatively put forward the "land" as a lever to the solution of "Land concentration", "lack of capital", "sources of Industrial capital". In order to achieve the changes in Chinese industrialization. The idea eventually be realized when the land reform in Taiwan. The Land Economy thought of two great leaders popular in the period of the Nanjing National Government in power, and became the core of the theory of Land Economy Practice.The third part, The action of the Land Administration practice of Nanjing National Government Central Government. This section, largely on the time of order, described the central government implemented the "25 percent reduction in rent," " Cadastral Arrangement ", " Owner-peasant Movement " 3 Lands activities. From the ideological origins, social background, political situation, etc., so as to maximize the position of a neutral analysis of the reasons for the rise and fall and the lessons learned. And the corresponding Land Reform in Taiwan, "375 percent rent", "census drawn cadastre family", "Land to the tiller" and various measures. To present the associated relationship of the Land Reform between mainland and Taiwan by the KMT government.The forth part, the Land Administration practice of Nanjing National Government part of the local government. This section lists Zhejiang, Shanxi, Hubei, three regions, Land Reform movement leaded by local government. the Land Administration practice of three provinces with different features, Or the ups and downs in political struggles, or manipulation at the local warlords, or began in the Sino-Japanese War. In order to show,in all angles, the complexity of different parts of the Nationalist government in the face of their common Land Economic problems. Meanwhile, the analysis of local power were passive or active resistance to the Lands activity, resulting in unable to implement policies, good policy into bad policy.The fifth part, The Land Reform of Nanjing National Government in Taiwan and the review of the whole text. That part of the summary statement of the special background of Taiwan's land reform, objectives, steps and results. And effectively corresponds to the Lands of activities in the period of mainland, Want to improve the integrity of the dark clue "Evolution" in full text. Finally, to analyze the reasons of success of Land Reform in Taiwan and the experience of national government as "success" in mainland and the "failure" in Taiwan.To sum up, the text structure of this paper is "background-Thoughts-Central Practice-Local Practice-Taiwan Practice (Summary)-Final Comments ". Writing In the order of time, from the central to local governments, form the mainland to Taiwan's "Evolution" as the dark clue. And systematically expounded the changes of the legislative and experimental activities in the period of Nanjing National Government (1927-1949) and its continuation in power in Taiwan (1949-about 1960).