A Study On The GUAM

In the 1990s, with the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the world pattern develops towards the direction of multi-polarity. Many countries that were previously in the Soviet sphere of influence have joined the path of independence, which leads to an active period of Eurasia's geopolitical movement. For the same interests, the four countries, Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan and Moldova which are connected or near to each other in the Black Sea-Caucasus region, set up the organization called GUAM.After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Russia's national strength has become recessionary. The withdrawal of forces of the great power from the Black Sea-Caucasus region caused the fugacious"black hole" period. In view of the special geo-strategic values in the Black Sea-Caucasus region, the United States worked out Eurasian strategic goals. Since its establishment, GUAM has received support and encouragement from the United States. While the United States wants the organization to become an important platform to compete with Russia and weaken Russian influence in the region. With the Western forces pressing harder and harder, Russia's original strategic buffer zone gradually disappears and its strategic space has been compressed to its original territory. Faced with this situation, Russia has also taken various countermeasures in order to restore the influence in the Black Sea-Caucasus region. From its establishment and development, we can see that the GUAM organization appears to be a product of the fall and rise of two major geopolitical forces (the Russian geopolitical force and the Western geopolitical force led by the U.S.), as well as a result of the four states'desire to represent a new geopolitical actor in the region.GUAM has achieved some progress and has many problems as well in its development. The development prospects of GUAM mainly depend on the political and economic developments of its members and the relationship with Russia. While the United States and other Western powers'support is the key factor of whether GUAM can develop and play a role in the future. The United States-led Western geo-political forces and Russia's geo-political forces will play a long-lasting and important role in the development of GUAM.