The Geopolitical Interests Of China And Russia In Central Asia

Since independence in 1991, Central Asian states have become a focus of international interest both because of the abundance of natural reserves and important geographical position. Today, there are dynamics in Central Asia engaging multiple players and institutions that compete for influence in Central Asia. Of all the players, China and Russia are clearly the most dominated.This study is trying to analyse the issues of geopolitical interests of China and Russia in Central Asia within the theory of securitization from the beginning of independence of the Central Asian countries to nowadays. The presence of China and Russia in Central Asia is measured by primarily looking at the three segments of operation:regional security and stability, energy-economic and strategic fields. Russia considers Central Asia as its "near-abroad", and, within its circle of influence. Russian influence, however, has reduced in this region due to a diversity of Russian domestic problems and Moscow’s not active foreign policy in the Central Asia until recently. Russia, however, has belatedly understood the need to enlarge its involvement in Central Asia and participations in region’s economic development. There are political, economic, security and energy dimensions to China’s interest and involvement in Central Asian region. While until the mid of 2000’s China’s concerns in Central Asia were primarily determined by disputes and disagreements related to border security and the desire to stabilize its western provinces (mainly the Muslim province Xinjiang) Beijing’s cooperation and assistance with Central Asian countries today are mostly focused on issue such as energy, energy security, bilateral economic and trade relations, investments and other spheres for collaborations. China’s foreign policy in Central Asian republic focuses on obtaining natural resources, increasing economic-trade relations, developing political ties, providing a stable environment in the region. Beijing is trying to increase its engagement and influence in Central Asia and to gain a dominant position in this region.For the purpose of this paper the research is conducted in chronological order to help define the gradual development of the cooperative structures of the two major players in the region with Central Asian countries since their independence.For analysis of the study scholarly articles, statistical data, various databases, analytical documents, reports, and other studies are used.