The Contention Between Usa And Ussr In Latin America Areas During The Cold War

During the cold war, the contention between USA and USSR in Latin America Areas was an important part in their the global hegemony,Comparing their foreign policys toward Latain America , is helpful for a more comprehensive understanding.During the time ,the contention between USA and USSR in Latin America Areas was not only the reflection of their the global hegemony, but also in an attempt to seek one diplomatic strategy in the American tradition sphere of influence which the global strategy balanced adopts.the economic potentiality of their countryis the key to the contention in the Latin American between America and the Soviet .This Paper divides into four parts,it takes the contention of the America and the Soviet Union in the Latin American area as the master line, then analyses the characteristics of different periods , the method as well as the final outcome .Seen from their contention in Latin American , it provides a beneficial model for our activity of foreign relations that we can must learn from.The first part of the paper is the background of their contention in Latin America ,it contains three points:The Two-pole pattern in the cold war initial period is the background of their contention in Latin America; the Latin American people's struggling is an important factor for the Soviet Union's intervention in Latin America;the US's neglecting Of the Latin America provides the opportunity for the Soviet Union.The interaction of three aspects , constitutes the contention between the two countries in Latin America, as the Cuban Revolution begins ,the contention between America and the Soviet in the Latin American begins .The second part describes the contention between America and the Soviet in the Latin Americanand the performance of the process ,divided into four phases:The first stage, from WWII to the early sixties, the Soviet Union began to intervene in Latin America, and the process has not been prevented until the Cuban missile crisis, the Soviet Union before the expansion of the momentum has been checked. Although the United States succeeded in preventing the Soviet Union's strategic intentions in Cuba, the United States had to pay more attention to the Soviet Union's influence in Latin America.The second stage is the sixties and seventies, the Soviet military force as a direct output is blocked, In order to expand the influence in Latin America,the Soviet Union takes a cautious approach,such as taking more aid, trade and Cultural contact. During the Kennedy Administration, the U.S. Alliance for Progress Plan sought to reduce Soviet influence in Latin America may be as the U.S. invasion of Vietnam quagmire and the economy plunged into recession, Nixon adopted a low profile after coming into power and Carter emphasized human rights policy and diplomacy, are trying to reduce the involvement of Latin Americato improve the U.S. image.The third stage along with the American national strength's restoration, after American President Reagan comes into power, adopts the low intensity war policy in the 80s, to strengthen the control of Latin America, while the Soviet Union began to decline due to the domestic economy in Latin America to implement strategic contraction.The fourth stage, the early 90s, the Eastern European drastic change, Soviet Union disintegrated in the late 80s, Soviet Union the sphere of influence which established in Latin American is nothing left; The US seizes the proper time to carry out North America free-trade zone plan, strengthens to the Latin American economy control.The third part is the contrastive analysis of the contention between USA and USSR in Latin America Areas during the Cold War. Seen from the Strategy, the establishment of military and political groups, using the power of international organizations, to suppress the opposition, international sanctions are the usual means of the USA, while the Soviet Union's success is to seeks for the agent, prop anti-US forces; Seen from the characteristic of their process the U.S. expansion layer is wavy, the Soviet Union's expansion layer is parabolic; Seen from the final different result, the geopolitics factor, plays an important part, but the national economic potentiality is fundamental.The fourth part is the impact of the contention between America and the Soviet in Latin America. For America, it reduces the influence in Latin America, To Soviet Union the influence is mainly the economic loss, the political profit , for Latin American people it is the disastrous , promotes the development of Latin American people's independent diplomacy and strengthens the regional cooperation. from three aspects of the contention in Latin America ,we can have a whole understanding and the evaluation.