Research On Sanda Athletes' Weight Control Methods, Functional And Exercise Performance Monitor Before The 11th National Game

Sanda is a resistant sports, which is featured by weight classes for men and women each. For Sanda athletes who were going to participate in the 11th National Game to keep good functional state, good exercise performance and maintain homeostasis after losing weight, we research on Sanda athletes'weight control methods and monitor functional state, exercise performance, ion levels in body fluids between the 40th day to the 5th days before the competition.We research on excellent 12 Sanda athletes, who were going to participate in the 11th National Game which had hold in 2009. There were 6 females and 6 males (above State First-Class athletes). Their ages were between 19 to 27.Measure athletes'weight and body composition, and establish individual weight reduce project for the different athletes. That project implement time is 35 days during the 40th days to 5th days before the competition. On the basis of chronic weight control, the athletes keep losing weight every week by prolonging the active relaxing after daily specific training and plusing aerobic exercise such as jogging and swimming. We made up sports drink for athletes to supplement ions of body fluid in everyday training.And every two Mondays do blood tests to monitor the athletes'functional state by physiological and biochemical indexes, and do evaluation on exercise performance. (on the Monday of the 1 st,3rd,5th week, total 3 times). The indexes of functional status include hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte (RBC), hematocrit (Hct), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatine kinase (CK), serum testosterone (T), serum cortisol (C), and T/C. The indexes of homeostasis include sodium ion(Na+), potassium ion(K+), calcium ion(Ca2+), chloride ion(Cl-), carbon dioxide combining power (CO2CP). The indexes of exercise performance include Peak Power, Mini Power, Average Power and decline ratio in Anaerobic Power Experiment.After weight control, every athletes got the ideal weight. For females, the results showed that they lost a lot of weight(P=0.004). Body fat(BF%) reduced evidently (P =0.007), and lean body mass changed a little(P>0.05).For males, the results showed that their body weights had been very different (P= 0.001),body fat (BF%) had been reduced evidently (P=0.016), and lean body mass had been reduced evidently (P=0.028).Most of the physiological and biochemical indexes maintain stability generally. Athletes'functional state and exercise performance kept well. For females and males, there are mostly no significant differences in Hb, RBC, Hct, T, C, T/C, CK, BUN and Peak Power, Mini Power, Average Power and decline ratio (P>0.05) after weight control. Only For males, on the morning of the 3rd week, the level of Hb increased evidently (P=0.003).The ion levels of body fluid maintain stability or increase generally. Athletes' homeostasis kept well. For females, on the morning of the 3rd week, the level of Na+ increased evidently (P=0.000), and reduced in the 5rd week. There are no significant differences in K+ and Cl- after weight lose (P>0.05). The level of Ca2+ increased gradually, and increased evidently(P=0.001) on the morning of the 5rd week. The level of CO2CP reduced gradually.For males, on the morning of the 3rd week, the level of Na+ increased evidently (P =0.000), and reduced in the 5rd week. There are no significant differences in K+ and Cl- after weight lose (P>0.05). The level of Ca2+ increased gradually, and increased evidently(P=0.001) both on the morning of the 3rd and 5rd week. The level of CO2CP reduced.(1) By prolonging the active relaxing after daily specific training and plusing aerobic exercise, It's easier for female to reduce fat and keep lean body mass after losing weight. Males have low percentage of fat, lean body mass had to be reduced. The amplitude reduction is about 3.1%.(2) Monitoring the athletes'physiological and biochemical indexes can reflect the functional condition objectively and help the coach make plan to adjust the athletes'condition.(3) Monitoring the indexes of exercise performance can reflect the anaerobic capacity objectively and help the coach adjust training program rationally.(4) Based on the levels of ions in body fluid, sports drink is made up rationally. Taking in ions timely in training is necessary for athletes to maintain homeostasis.(5) The systematic monitoring of training before the Competition include weight control and monitoring of functional status, exercise performance, homeostasis, which provided guarantee to excellent achievement.