Study On The Sports Biomechanics Of The Key Movement In Heading Ball

Heading ball is a basic football skill, which plays an important role in modern football game. Meanwhile, it has been widely concerned for the specificity of the participating parts. Dorsal arch stage is the most important and critical stage of heading ball. It can not only help to improve the technical level of the athletes and to prevent injuries but also provide a theoretical basis for the discussion of the most efficient effect of heading ball by strengthening the research of this stage.The research object is the twelve subjects'characteristic of the variation of the three forms of the heading ball, namely, fixed site, fixed site jump and run-up jump, to deal with the ball from the front or the lateral direction. The research studies the skill characteristic of the critical stage of heading ball by the methods of three-dimensional video analysis, EMG and the combination of the two. When we deal with the ball from the front, heading ball of fixed site is a much easier skill to master, the crucial point of which is the fixed neck. The jump-up stage and the dorsal arch stage are the key skill stages, and the jump-up effect directly influences the stereotype of the whole air movement technology, while the formation of"dorsal arch"is the main power source, which means that the muscles of the body play the primary role in heading ball skill and the perfection of two opposite movements require coordination of lower limbs; the stability of neck is still the key point of effective use of momentum transfer, prevention of sports injuries. The main force of the running jump-up heading ball comes from the swing of the body in the hip joint as axis and the running jump-up, as the basis of the running jump-up heading ball, is to increase the horizontal speed; the dorsal arch stage, which is the crucial skill of the heading ball, is the main factor to influence the speed of the ball, which makes the two opposite movements essential in the air action; head the ball in the neck of the fixed stage can be fully utilized to the head and torso momentum transfer And can be effective in preventing sports injuries. The stability of neck in the heading ball can make full use of the momentum transferred from the trunk to the head, and prevent sports injuries effectively.The change of direction has significant influence on heading ball skill, which makes the action structure of the heading ball technology change, mainly seen from the time of backswing and the range of backswing in the dorsal arch stage. When the direction has changed, the swinging speed of the trunk would be significantly reduced. Especially in the phase of torso backswing, the swinging speed of the head does not change significantly. The change of head speed shows inconsistency to the change of the trunk speed, that is to say, with the change of the direction, the stability of the neck lose its function, which weakens the sports radius of the subjects'and results in the loss of momentum transfer. Besides the influence of the coordination of the all parts, the failure of the forming of the correct action dynamic stereotype is the main cause of the decline of the body action capacity. Muscle electrical, we should strengthen the front and muscle group exercise, play core muscle group action, to form the correct dynamic finalize the design; Strengthen the muscles around the symmetric practice, both sides power to ensure the original move muscle and confrontation with the reasonable muscle pattern.