Research On The Party's Construction Of Colleges And Universities Of Shanghai In The Early Days Of New China (1949-1956)

The university is the important base of cultivating and conveying talents for the country. The Party's construction of university, which relates to the socialist school direction and the party's and the nation's long-term development, is an important force of promoting the development and progress in the universities of China. The party's construction began to work planned and step-by-step in the early days. This paper, which included the following parts:the organization construction, the ideological construction, the style construction and its experiences and lessons, was focused on and study systematically the Party's construction of colleges and universities in Shanghai in the early days of new China.The CPC has the close relationship with the university before the founding of China. The CPC's activities in university laid the ideological and organizational foundation for the Party's construction after the founding of China. In the early days of new China, the CPC took over and transformed the old universities to ensure the socialist school direction. On this basis, the CPC in universities begun the organization development work, to allocate cadres for the universities, to explore and improve the leadership system, and finally established the President Responsibility system under the CPC's leadership. This period, the universities of Shanghai established the political health center, which was responsible for the ideological and political education work.At the same time the CPC paid attention to the ideological construction in colleges and universities. The CPC set the Marxist political theory for teachers and students and began the ideological reform. Combined with social movements, the CPC strengthens the ideological and political education in the students. The CPC this period in university to carried out a series of activities, which improved the party member'ideological consciousness, guaranteed the stability of the universities and promoted the rapid recovery and development of the higher education.In the early years of new China, some bad style, like bureaucracy and complacency appeared in the universities'party members and cadres. The CPC conducted consolidation of Party organizations and rectification of its style of work.At the same time, the CPC mobilized the teachers and students to take part in the movement against the "three evils". These movements rectified the party's ethos and improved the party's fighting capacity.In the early days of new China, the Party's construction of university in Shanghai, gained a lot of experience, and some shortages also existed. It provided important enlightenments for the Party's construction in new period:must pay attention to combine the consolidation and construction in the organization construction; must pay attention to combine the ideological education with practice in the ideological construction; must pay attention to combine mass movements with rectification in the style construction. At the same time, the party's management is overmuch so that the unclear relation existed between the party and government; too much emphasis on ideological and political education, neglecting the development of teaching and scientific research and so on. Those problems in party should be avoided in the current work. Therefore, the Party's construction of university in Shanghai in the early days provided some enlightenments:firstly, we must insist on the party's leadership in colleges and universities; secondly, we must strengthen the ideological and political education in colleges and universities to ensure socialist school direction; thirdly, we must conduct the Party's construction around the basic objectives of the higher education and the school's basic task.