Early Liberation Of Higher Education Of The Communist Party Of China In Shanghai To Take Over

On the eve of the liberation, Shanghai higher education has played a decisive role in China, The Central Club of the Kuo Ming Tang and the Zhu Jia Hua faction control the entire Shanghai cultural and educational circles through controlling Shanghai higher education. The takeover and reconstruction of Communist Party of China to it make higher education under the control of KMT return to people’s hands and remove the influence of imperialism and feudal comprador forces in the field of education so as to radically change maladjustment of the old education with the new regime in many aspects, which has formed basic pattern and haracteristic of Shanghai higher education after the liberation and has a great significance to consolidate the new regime.Through sorting and using published and unpublished documents, old newspapers and magazines as well as other historical documents, this paper conducts the study and observation of the takeover of Shanghai higher education institutions in the early days of the liberation. The time range of the study is three years for the liberation of Shanghai in May,1949to a comprehensive adjustment of colleges and departments during the second half of the year1952, while the study does not contain the longer periods of college ideological transforming movement and comprehensive adjustment of colleges and departments. The paper mainly includes three parts:the first is higher education "heritage" during the Shanghai liberation. This paper mainly investigates the scale and status of Shanghai higher education on the eve of the liberation as well as the situation of the influential universities, points out the leading position of Shanghai Higher Education in China’s higher education field at that time, and then makes clear the great significance of its takeover. The second is brewing and preparation. This part starts from Danyang training reorganization and investigates the establishment of takeover organization, the investigation methods before and after the liberation, process and significance as well as the in-depth publicity mobilization of CPC, highlights the important role of the preparation work to realize smooth takeover and shows the prudent and reliable takeover characteristics of CPC. The third is the implementation of takeover. This part is the focus of this paper. Through detailed historical data, it studies a series of important events in the takeover such as announcing takeover, the implementation of inventory, establishing school committee, dealing with the old staff, joint admission, moving and combining schools, curriculum reform and takeover of private universities, expounds the takeover guidelines, policy and step, and then preliminarily summarizes the gain and loss in the takeover.Through the study, we find that in the takeover process of Shanghai higher education, CPC follows the policy of "maintaining the status quo with the gradual transformation", and avoids the acute disease and "left" tendency. The whole takeover process is clear and careful with scientific and cautious steps, which can be said to go ahead steadily and surely as well as step by step, therefore, it ensures the steadiness of college in the period of takeover and avoids riots. At the same time, takeover focuses on the use of a magic weapon for success--propaganda and mobilization, which not only stabilizes popular feeling, reduces the contradiction and resistance, but also makes the CPC obtain the agreement of teachers and students. The takeover is basically smooth and successful.