Research On The Cognitive And Social Development Of 3-4 Years Old Left-behind Children In Hunan Province

As China's economic development, the population of left behind children is gradually expanding, and the problem brought by left behind of those children also arouse the concern of the State and the community. Most of the current study focused on school age children which have more significant problem, while children left behind on the pre-study age has not been given enough attention.In this paper, author has done comparison study of cognitive and social development between three groups of young children from urban, rural non-left behind and left behind to understand the situation of the left behind children and the gap on cognitive and social development. This study showed that, compared to urban and non left behind children, the left behind children have performed the worst on cognitive and social development. In recognition comparison, urban children give the best performance with significant higher scores, non left behind children scores are also higher than left behind children, but the difference is not significant. In socialization developing, the left behind group's score is significantly lower than children of non-Left and urban children, children non left behind scores is less than urban children, but the difference is not significant. Study shows the cognition gaps in left behind young children mainly from scarce educational resources and lag behind cultural environment, and social difference is mainly depends on the children are left behind or not.Therefore, besides concerning about the cognitive aspects of left behind children, the gap between urban and rural educational resources should be narrowed so that rural children have opportunity to get high quality pre-school education; raise caregiver education awareness to guide their educational behaviour. In social terms, the rural community mutual model can guarantee the safety of children left behind, and also give caregivers support. caregivers of left behind children should give children more emotional support and attention, Appropriate guidance on communication skills must be given especially the critical moment when the children are about to start their school life.