A Study On Injury Features Of National Top Swimmers

Achievements of an excellent swimmer in competitions are the comprehensive reflection of several influencing factors.The sportspersons may suffer injuries in competitions or trainings,which will affect both their psychological and physiological state, and gradually become one of the important factors influencing their participation in competitions and achievement of satisfactory scores.By discussing and analyzing injury characteristics of China's excellent sportspersons,injury rule and trend are found,and suitable precautionary measures are raised,so as to prolong the sportspersons'sports life and improve sports achievement.This study uses such methods as literature review,questionnaire survey,data analysis and expert interview,takes China's 128 excellent sportspersons as the subject,and analyzes injury characteristics and status of China's excellent swimmers from perspective of different sports events like freestyle, backstroke, breast stroke and butterfly stroke.Study results are given as follows:1. China's swimmers injury-caused morbidity rate is almost 100%; Sports injury is mainly dominated by chronic injury, followed by acute to chronic injury. Extent of injury is mainly slight and medium injury, and severe injury is often caused by uncured old diseases, which is correlated with skill characteristics of swimming events.2. Common injury part includes shoulder, knee, waist, etc. In different swimming events, common injury part varies. Common injury part of free-style swimmers is shoulder and knee; the case is also with breast stroke swimmers, but with opposite sequence; common injury part of butterfly stroke swimmers is shoulder and waist; common injury part of backstroke swimmers is shoulder and ankle.3. There are four kinds of causes of sports injury:training-induced injuries, such as injuries induced by skills and characteristics of swimming, and load ratio; injuries caused by physiological factors, such as physical quality, physical fatigue; injuries caused by psychological factors, such as anxiety before competition, wrongful awareness of injury prevention; injuries caused by other factors, such as frequency of competitions. The sports injuries of swimmers are not caused by a single factor, but a combination of several factors.