| Entering the international, technological and diversified 21 st century, educational reform becomes a main direction for enhancing the competitiveness of a state, meanwhile upgrade the living standard and the quality of her citizens.Summing up what local and foreign scholars and education experts have said and written in recent years, h is easy to find out the ideological changes upon schools and students. Those who supports educational reform mainly have focused on how to learn for students , then how to teach for teachers. But we should bear in mind that an all-rounded development of education and personality is the uniqued responsibility of teachers, but the promotionalism and over-loading education makes imbalance of education. Confronting these educational crisis, I decided to put forward the importance of Open Education ,so as to show the value of a completed education for human beings.Open Education was rooted at Socrates, developed from British informal education, up till 60s, it was widespread in United States and was in the limelight all over the world. In other words, Open Education was based on the needs of social movement pushed by grass-rooted citizens, and was introduced to Taiwan by Mrs. Burke in 1970.There are many kinds of definitions of Open Education. Some define it as a sort of philosophy; generally, it is the opposite of closed education , it means releasing, diversified , flexible and open-minded attitude, as a result, students can be well developed and their potential abilities can be fully utilized by their own ways. That is the so-called humanization of education. On the other hand, we need to talk about the in-depth content of Open Education, including the core content, feature and working principles. We always divide the core content into 6 categories, they are soul, time, space, resources, content and methods. The static education can be refreshed by practising the following methods: considering the role of children, mixing children of different ages, diversification of activities, individual learning, diversification of assessment and compromised teaching The children can also be given better learning environment, more freedom of learning, more vivid school life by similar methods as follows: humanization of environment, systemization of curriculum, activism of teaching and diversification of assessment.As I have stated that Open Education is a grass-rooted model of education reform, the theory isgrown from practice, at this moment, it is undergoing development. I can only try to discuss the philosophical and psychological background of Open Education. I would like to start the discussion from the theory of Naturalism, Humanism, Progressionism, structural psychology and human-based psychology. Besides, I would show the implication of these theories on the field of Open Education, in order to reveal a theoretical base for the endorsement of Open Education in futureRecently, some people who are warm-hearted on education reform have turned what they think into reality, they have set up 2 experimental schools called" Forest Primary' School" and " Little Worm Schools" (by Parents of Children) ,such actions and trial forced Taipei Province to announce a formal and legal trial on Open Education schools, for example, curriculum about knowledge of countryside, class of modem education experiment, in order to face and take seriously consideration on the problems of today's education.Without critical idea, any theory of any school could well-developed their own theoretical framework, but it is too fragile to amend their own problems and carry out their education reform successfully. 1 have investigated the pros and cons of Open Education in Taiwan for more than a year and systematically study the re-think of Open Education in United States. I hope to draw a clear distinction of ideas and modify those inappropriate practice. What the merits and demerits of Open Education in United States can give us a clear picture that -we should not step back on the hole. We should als... |
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