| The essay, by education demology, population geography, population statistics, national education theory, cartology, etc. meanwhile by means of statistics and analogy, states the education conditions in Yanbian from the time of new China to the early Reform and Open Policy. It depends on the materials in historical archives and Yanbian Korean educational magazines from 1977~1988to discuss the distribution of school age population and school layout. From 1980 till now, with further development of Open Policy and economy, with the tendency of population movement and the decreasing of Korean people, discuss mainly on Yanbian annual magazines from educational bureau to analyze the distribution of school age population and school layout. The conclusions are the following:I. Education in Yanbian underwent a long and hard way of feudalistic imperial exam system, old democracy, colonial education, and new democracy periods. It had a new start in new democracy. In September 1949, it had 647 elementary schools with 129,828 students including 72.5% of Korean students, 33 middle schools with 13,676 students, including 89% Korean students. All the college students and the technical secondary students were Korean. The distribution tended to the Korean habitant.The Korean paid more attention on culture and education. The Korean education owned a lot to Yanbian which honoured the name the name of "educational city" on Tumen River.II. From the early new China to the time of Reform and Open Policy and in the construction of new democracy and socialism, education entered a historical period. It carried out the Party' s educational course and nation' s policy therefore had achieved a great success. In 1980, there were 1300 elementary schools in special college, 241 middle schools with 191337 students including 137 Korean middle schools.The elementary school age students distributed mainly in countryside, towns and less in cities. The middle age ones contributed in towns, countryside and less in cities. The Korean school age students mainly contributed in Yanji, Tumen County, Helong County, Huanchun County, less in Wangqing and Antu County, and the least Dunhua County.III. After entering 1980s, the school age population decreased because of the family planning. As the economy developed unbalanced, thepopulation in the country began to move into the city, which speeded up the urbanization in Yanbian. The Government adjusted the distribution of the schools in the countryside. The middle schools in cities increased to 48, but decreased in the towns and countryside. The annual students in Korean schools kept stable. The proportion of the Korean primary school students changed little.From the beginning of 1981, middle education structure reform underwent gradually, which changed the abnormal development and sole structure of the senior middle schools. After ten years' adjustment, the abnormal development of the middle school in Yanbian has been polished up. The middle school age population decreased. The middle school number changed little. The schools were always around 80. The schools in cities increased, the schools in the countryside decreased. The students in the Korean middle schools decreased. The proportion of Korean middle school students didn' t change lot, the school number increased to 109.IV. From 1996, the school age students began to decrease rapidly, with the annual decrease of 104273. The schools decreased to 557 from more than 1,000. Schools in the cities increased but decreased in the counties and towns, especially in the countryside. Both the Korean elementary schools and the students in them decreased rapidly, which became a serious problem in the education of Yanbian.In the 1990s, the general middle schools were run in many ways, the general middle schools developed gradually in size. In the last 10 years, the number of the general middle schools developed stably. As the gradual open of the higher education, the junior middle schools and the senior middle schools increased continually...
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