Transformation Of Knowledge Views And Changes Of Teachers' Role

There are four angles of view and backgrounds in the research field of the teachers' role and its changes at present. They are the changes of the teaching and learning views and their practice, the reform and practice of the new foundation courses, the epoch requirement of society of knowledge and economy of knowledge as well as the variance of status of knowledge. These research angles of view and backgrounds seem to be different but one common property and an essential relation is embodied among them, which is the view of knowledge and its transformation. It is under the macroscopical view of knowledge and under the background of the transformation of the view of knowledge that we shall recognize the teachers. In the past, the recognize of the teachers' role was too much focused on the exterior criteria and the regulation of the teachers' activities, and it neglected the individual requirement of the teacher as the subject of life. It's very significant that we should not break away from the real life to recognize the teachers' role. As for the idiographic approaches, we should have a good command of the synchronic structure of the view of knowledge and the diachronic changes of the view of knowledge (the transformation of the view of knowledge). As for the recognize of the teachers' role, we should change our standpoint from neglecting the individual to concerning the individual.To meet the need of recognizing the teachers' role, the article analyzes the connotation of the view of knowledge from three aspects: the view of value of knowledge -the value of knowledge is for the individual or not, the view of formation of knowledge-the formation way and methods of knowledge and the relationship between the subjects, objects and knowledge during the formation course, the view of patterns of knowledge-the general cognitive attitude and inclination towards knowledge. With the change of the role concept in the western academic field from the traditional beyond personal orientation concept without individual character and subjective character to the personal orientation concept with initiative and dynamic role. It goes with the development of such concept and defines the teachers' role as teachers' self-activity based on the understanding and explanation of the view of knowledge. This definition is surely to bring the teachers' initiativeness anddynamicness back. Basing on the previous understanding of the view of knowledge and the teachers' role, the writer gets the analyzing path for this article: the view of knowledge -the teachers' understanding and explanation-the formation of the teachers' role.During the development of human knowledge, various views of knowledge have arisen among which four main trends of view of knowledge are formed: the rational view of knowledge, the empirical view of knowledge, the structural view of knowledge and the postmodern view of knowledge. Among them, the former two views advocate rational (scientifically and empirically) authority and absolutism, the later two-advocate critique and introspection. Basing on the differences, the writer defines the former two views as authoritative view of knowledge and the later two as critical view of knowledge. And, with the rising of the structural view of knowledge, human's view of knowledge is under transformation-from the authoritative view of knowledge to the critical one. In the authoritative view of knowledge, the teachers' role in the relationship between the individual and the society reveals the individual's pauperism and monotonousness; the teachers' role in the relationship between the teachers and the students reveals the teachers' dominating and controlling the students as authority of knowledge; the teachers' role in knowledge relationship reveals knowledge authority and text knowledge dominating and controlling everything. However, the critical view of knowledge will take the place of the authoritative one, the teachers' role shall be changed relevantly: the teachers' personality return in the relationship between the individua...