A Study On Shuyuan Teachers In Ming And Qing Dynasties

As a peculiar organized form of education in Chinese feudalistic period, Shuyuan(ancient China's academy)successively experienced Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties over one thousand years. How to treat this ever prosperous history cultural inheritance? It accumulated abundant historical experience and precept in the teachers' source, teachers' employment way, teaching's characteristics and so on. Based on consulting much historical literature of Shuyuan in Ming and Qing dynasties, the present thesis goes deeply to inquire into the teachers source, teachers employment way, teaching characteristics, management and promotion , social status, economic treatment, also the influence and effect the Shuyuan made to the politics, economy, military, social life and cultural education where they were situated, and puts forward some advice on today's education reform.Through introducing the background of this subject and the present research condition on Chinese Shuyuan, the preface part points out the past ones' weak points, makes an explanation on some basic theory problems of this research in purpose, object and methods.The author firstly combs the teachers sources of Shuyuan in Ming and Qing dynasties, points out that there are four main sources for it, and concludes that making full use of social resources is a valid path to solve the problem of teachers sources then.Secondly, the present research consults Shuyuan teachers employment way in Ming and Qing dynasties, combs its three ways and deeply inquires into the subjective and objective condition for them.Thirdly, the present research analyses Shuyuan teaching characteristics, management and promotion, sums up seven main teaching characteristics and analyses the advantage and disadvantage of them, (gains and losses)Further more , the present research consults Shuyuan teachers management and promotion, makes an analysis on its historic courses why it's informal.Finally, the present research analyses the Shuyuan teachers' economic treatment, social status and the influence and effect made to the politics, economy, military, social life and cultural education where they were situated in Ming and Qing dynasties, and concludes that the Shuyuan teachers in Ming and Qing dynasties actively participated in the local social activities in their peculiar upper class gentlemanship and greatly influenced and promoted the policy making and carrying out of the local public affairs, meanwhile, they promoted the communication and development of local learning and culture , and trained quite many men for profession for the locals.