Under The Simulated "Living High-training Low" Condition, Effect To HIF-1 And Glucose Metabolism Of The Mouse's Skeletal Muscle With Long Time Swimming

Since 1950s, the effect to the athletic ability under high altitude environment has attracted people's attention all over the world. Moreover, altitude training and researches on it have been carried out consciously. Make use of double stimulations of hypoxia environment and training, athletes will endure intense stimulation to mobilize body potential, which arouses a series of anti-hypoxia physiological and biochemical reactions to the improvement of performance. With the development of altitude training researches, the researches have attracted more attentions and improved significant in both field practice and the theories; training methods have been more improved, scientific trainings have been more enhanced, moreover, some new training means and stimulant training methods have been established. In 1991, Levine first put forward a kind training method called "Hi-Lo", it is considered to be more effective after practice and comparison. Hi-Lo training lets athletes live at high altitudes, which fully mobilize body to adapt hypoxia altitude environment and uncover the body potential; Moreover, big burthen training can be reached on training low. This training method overcomes the shortcomings when training in altitude environment, particularly the negative effects to the blood and oxygen supply to muscles and combination of proteins. Meanwhile, living in hypoxia environment can improve the ability of making use of oxygen and the ability of metabolism, especially substance —ability of glucose metabolism. Therefore, "Hi-Lo" is an effective training method. "Hi-Lo" not only maintains the advantages of excavating the potential in altitude training but also avoids the disadvantages of difficulty in increasing the training burthen on altitude. So it is regarded as a breakthrough in the history of altitudetraining.With the development of experimental method, the researches on altitude training mainly focus on the index changes of physiology and biochemistry aroused by altitude training and how to improve the athletic performance after these changes. Many experiments prove HIF-1 plays an important role in metabolism in hypoxia environment. Hypoxia-inducible factor l(HIF-l) is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, it is expressed when mammals are hypoxia or EPO, VEGF and some protein genes are activated transcription. It plays an important role in maintaining the stability of oxygen. Present research also shows HIF-1 can regulate some genes encoding of glycolytic enzymes. Other evidences that shows HIF-1 canenhance the process of glucose metabolism by inhibiting the changes of glucose gluconeogenesis.HIF-1 is a DNA binding protein produced in hypoxia environment. In hypoxia environment, the amount of HIF-1 is increased stably when HIF-la comes into being; In normoxic cells, HIF-1 is degraded repidly via the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway. The half-life of HIF-la in normoxic environment is less than 5 minutes, Ubiquitin-Proteasome plays a key role in the process of degradation. Other expiments prove Cycloheximide can also inhibits the combination of HIF-la, consequently it will degrade inside concentrations of HIF-1.Simulated "Hi-Lo" lets athletes live in man-made hypoxia environment and train in normoxia environment. This experiment makes use of simulated "Hi-Lo", creates the conditions of hypoxia and training environment, using double stimulations of hypoxia environment and training to enhance energy metabolism in normoxia situation, consequently improve the athletic performance. Through the activate expression of HIF-la mRNA, protein of HIF-la, ALD, LDH and SDH of mouse skeletal muscles, this experiment tries to illustrate the effect of simulated "Hi-Lo" to HIF-la and glucose metabolism; moreover, the role of HIF-la in the process of glucose metabolism. According to the "Hi-Low" effect to the activation of HIF-la mRNA expression, protein of HIF-la, ALD, LDH and SDH; the effect to the activation of ALD, LDH and SDH by inhibiting the combination of HIF-la.The results of the experiment show the expression of HIF-la mRNA...