Research On The Reformation Of Chinese Professional Sport System

The competitive sport system of western capitalism country is professional system.The professional sport of western developed capitalism country have formed a very perfect system through several or even more than one hundred years,and come into being a important industry .China start professional sport reformation in 1992,from the beginning of the first professional football league in 1994,Chinese professional sport only have more than ten years.It's not very mature yet,there are still a lot of problems.This paper mainly use literature,expert interview and investigation to analyse the experience of western advanced professional sports country ,and the problems of Chinese professional sport.I try to link to the situation of china, use the experience of western advanced professional sport country for reference ,give some helpful advice and suggestion.This paper includes four parts,the first part is exordium, it introduce the definition and the character of professional sport,and introduce the definition of the professional sport system. Simple saying, the professional sports is an industry sells the sports game product . The professional sport system is a series of system that professional sports organization's establishment and safeguards its smoothly production and marketing, it is professional sport control system and run mechanism.The second part is about the coming into being of western capitalism country's professional sport,and the character of their professional sport system. The west capitalist country professional sport evolve from amateurish sport, develop on the foundation of private ownership and market economy. Therefore, regardless of the club or the professional alliance ,the property right is defined ? The government mainly utilizes the legal method to control the professional sport indirectly on macroscopic, seldom carries on the administrative intervention directly. The single event association plays middle-scopic control role between government and the professional sport alliance, the professional sport microcosmic management is implemented by the professional alliance. In order to coordinate all kinds of contradictions in the alliance, safeguard fair competition, implement the alliance benefit maximization, The professional alliance formulate a series of rules and regulations, is called the balanced mechanism.The third part is about the coming into being of Chinese professional sport,and theproblems exists in Chinese professional sport system.Chinese professional sports transforms from specialized sport in the plan economy period therefore it inevitably has very many problems . The club character and the property right is unclear, the control authority is too concentrated to the government organization, moreover the government organization mainly use the legal method instead of using the administrative method. The character of single event association also seriously deteriorate, it and the national sports bureau project administrative center are actually one organization that has two signs, it is an grant administrative machinery acting "second government" role. Moreover, the property right of the professional alliance is unclear, the management right of the professional league is completely controlled by the single event association, the club basically have not right to speak in the policy decision-makingdoes, in the benefit allocation, the single event association cannot represent the club the benefit, thus the club investor's benefit suffers injury, it heavily attack investor's enthusiasm, seriously hinder the professional sport healthy development.The fourth part put forward the countermeasers about reformation of Chinese professional sport system. The author believed that, if Chinese professional sport want healthy and fast development, it should carry on the reformation from following several aspects: First, consummates law relates to Chinese professional sport, builds good development conditions of professional sport;Second, ascertain the character and the property right of the professional club , establishes joint-stock company with clear property right;Third, reform management system of the professional sport, strengthens the government in the macroscopic control and the regulation, implement single event association substantialization, fully displays the function of various single event association. Fourth, establish professional alliance, ascertain the property right of professional alliance, carries on the company management. Fifth, formulate perfect rules and regulations, safeguards the good market order, improve market conditions of investment and production, safeguards fair competition.