A Probe Into Protection Strategy To Elite Higher Education Of U.S.

After World War II, U.S. has become the first country which established mass higher education system through the golden age of the great development of higher education. By the 1970s, it was getting increasingly mature that American higher education massification in various aspects and finally completed a significant process of higher education massification. American research universities grew up rapidly, post-graduate education developped greatly, while produced a large number of outstanding scientists as a result of higher education massification. American elite higher education and mass higher education developped coordinatedly, forming an opening higher education system that the level is more completely and the structure is more reasonable. But many problems was appeared in the processs of higher education massification in our country, for example, quality of elite higher education is going down. This paper seeks to probe into protection strategy to elite higher education in the process of American higher education massification, hoping to come to conclude some of the implications for the development of our elite higher education.The paper is mainly divided into four parts.Part one clears off relationship between elite higher education and mass higher education firstly, and demonstrates the legality of elite higher education from three aspects that include university traditional ideas, modern education fair perspective, and individual differences in physical and mental development. Also in this part, the importance of elite higher education in today's society from the relationship perspective between knowledge economy and the elite higher education is expounded.Part two mainly describes the process of American higher education massification, and the basic circumstances of elite higher education in the context of higher education massification are also introduceded. And elaborates it is federal government legislation and funding preference, competitive mechanism and college autonomy that protect American elite higher education, whlie analyzing relationship among three factors.Part three looks back upon the process of higher education massification in our country , the effection that elite higher education was sustained by the tide of higher education massificationin are also discussed.Part four proposes some suggestions for the protection and development of Chinese elite higher education in future, including expanding the rights of college autonomy, promoting competition among colleges, ensuring sufficient funds for elite higher education, establishing a function differentiation higher education system, controlling the scale of the elite higher education appropriately, expanding enrollment of non-elite higher education institutions.