| The molar system is composed of mole, molar mass, mole gas volume, molarity, Avogardo constant and so on. It is an absolutely new measurement system compared with the mass system.The molar system plays an important role in helping students understand chemical problems through macroscopic and microscopic view. However, concepts related to the system are abstract, numerous and complicated, which make it difficult for students to study in the past.In this paper, there are two parts of researches. One is about how the students in Grade 9 learn mole. The other is about high school students' cognitive development associated with molar system.Based on the theory of Constructionism and related literatures, the research is carried out by means of investigations and experiments. It analyzes students' thinking process when they study molar system, summarizes the features of their learning process from cognitive perspective, and indicates the psychological cognitive factors for learning difficulties. Furthermore, students' developmental rules of chemistry learning competence are explored according to different cognitive performance of students in different grades, so that students' learning efficiency of molar system will be promoted.Considering the teaching practice in middle school, several practical strategies of teaching molar system are put forward, as well as suggestions of the way molar system is designed and edited in chemistry text book in order to better serve the students' thinking development.
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