The Theory And Evidence Study Of Social Capital And P.E. Development Effect In The National Villages

Through adopting various methods, such as documentary, questionnaire, interview, field investigation, case investigation, logical analysis, mathematical atatistics and so on, basing on the history and culture of Quanzhou, the paper takes the social P.E.'s development in the villages and towns of Jinjiang, Quanzhou as the study target. From the aspect of history, value, organizational structure and resources disposal, the author has explored the effect of social P.E.'s development in national villages from the view of social capital and aimed at promoting the continuous social P.E. development in national villages as well as providing a completely new theoretical view for the study of social P.E.'s development in our country.The results of the study are as follows:①The social capital in national villages is a social relationship net basing on regional social relationship and depending on the cultural standard that formed in the regional community, which brings convenience and benefits of resources, information, social support etc. to the communities in national villages. The social capital in national villages is the mixture of trust, mutual-preference, co-operational mechanism and value, which are characterized by flourishing family culture, as well as inborn clan social capital, national cause social capital and industrial cause social capital that formed on the base of consanguinity (clan cause), national cause and industrial cause social relationship. The social capital in national villages is the important "inherent power" of pushing forward social harmonization and the continuous development of economy and environment.②The national-cause social capital plays the role of "the third department" in the social P.E.'s development through providing information resources, fund, field, organization, etc. Also, it is the "source of blooding" and important historical resource of social P.E.'s development in national villages.③The 7 factors, which are local emotion, national and regional promotion, recreation and entertainment, social effect, keeping fit and caring for one's health, experience of art education and knowledge skills, consiste the P.E. value structure system of the residents national villages. The "family-clusters identifying" formed by self-role rethinking, "national identifying" formed by nation/country/region inner being pursuance, together with "cultural identifying" formed by exceeding the cultural defend of border (national boundaries) show the strong social function of emotional identity and the great impact of the huge vitality of collectiveness on the value of resident in villages and towns. It is evident that the national social capital has great effect on the value of the resident and is the "source of power" of "P.E. phenomenon in national villages".④The 3 factors of local emotion identifying, traditional custom identifying andinstrumental aim identifying constitute the public spiritual structure system of social P.E. service of the residents in national villages. They mingle together to influence people's behavior. The positive local emotion identifying is the base of coalescing personal relationship of the residents in national villages and the source of cluster cohesive force, as well as is the inner driving force of voluntary providing P.E. public service for hometown. The rich traditional cultural custom is an unconscious habitual behavior of the public in national villages, and is a stable, spontaneous and socialized subjectivity of providing P.E. public service for hometown.⑤The social P.E. organization of the national village, Jinjiang, has the net characteristic of poly-layer and crosswise-cooperation between government and society. Social P.E. management has reflected the characteristics of non-government, folk and autonomy. Social capital in national villages is the important presupposition and condition of social P.E. organization and managing peculiarity. Meanwhile, it is the "ecological" factor of P.E. public service effect in local government.⑥The poly material investing structure, autonomous service of labor power, folk source of financial resources, and frequent interaction and exchange are the special characteristics of P.E. resource disposal in the national village of Jinjiang. The relationship net of family, oversea Chinese, enterprise and P.E. organization, as the third important way of P.E. resources disposal, has effectively overcome the "malfunction" of the government and market in providing social P.E. public goods and service.⑦The regional flourishing family cultural standard, long-history traditional custom and belief, together with a certain "system domain" of collective value, attitude, identifying that are common on the regional community's attitude to P.E. sports, are the base and condition of operating P.E. resources in Jinjiang. The strong local emotion, common life style, characterized regional economic mode, and traditional P.E. events, etc. not only make the P.E. events and the operating space of exchanging more frequent and develop faster, but also explore an operating and transforming channel to use and share the social capital net resources in national villages.