Theory And Practice Research On Geography Skills Cultivation

For the reform of geographical elementary, studying the theory and practice of geographical skills (GS) is of significance. Base on the theories of pedagogy, psychology and curriculum and instructing; taking the goals of geographical curriculum standards for middle school and teaching designs on Geographical Website as main object of study; this thesis studies the structure of GS, the similarities and differences between home and abroad GS cultivation tactics, and the method system. It includes four parts: theoretical research on GS; comparison research of the middle school GS at home and abroad; the foster of the students' geographical skills raise research under the new curriculum; the empirical study on fostering GS in the middle school.This thesis decomposed the GS systemically。Firstly, I analyze the definition and classification of GS , then identify initially the connotation of GS and construct the structure of GS: common GS(the geography expression and communication ,computation, information technology, question advance, observation and social investigation) and special GS(map drawing, space detection and localization, simple forecast skill, comprehensive analysis on geographical characteristics, causal inference skill). The geography knowledge, the GS and geography ability form an interconnecting interacting and intertransforming knowledge and ability system. The recognition on the relationship among the three objects redounds to the understanding of the GS.Secondly, I introduced the features of fostering the GS in the western countries by taking US and England as examples. Furthermore, I investigate the present situation of fostering the GS in china by question nave survey, and I compare it with that of foreign countries. I draw the following conclusions: oversea including in Hong Kong and Taiwan, the geographical knowledge is passed on to the students by fostering their GS and abilities, while in china, the students GS and abilities are fostered by passing on geographical knowledge, which results in the lag of Chinese students' GS and abilities to that of oversea. Therefore, we need: (1) to renewal education idea, reconstruct the importance of fostering GS; (2) to renew the form and contents of the geography text books to realize the goal of fostering GS; (3) to strengthen the training of GS in practice, and with various activities.Thirdly, I develop the basic principles to be followed: the principle of focusing on the students, the principle of being in order, the principle of applying the theories into practices, the principle of being creative, the principle of being examples, the principle of inspiring students. Based on the analyses above, this thesis propose a metrological system to foster both common GS and special GS.Fourthly, I develop a method called "host meal plus dubbing" to foster GS in practice.