New Urban Poverty On The Edge Research

Generally speaking, the urban poverty has been more and more explicit in the process of urbanization. But the urban poverty had not been given an important attention until the ninety in the last century in China. Of course, the problem is different in China from other countries because of the dual transition of the market and society happened in the process of the open and reform in China. Here author tries to compare the Chinese urban poverty with the ones in other countries in order to deepen the research of Chinese urban poverty. we define the research subjective as a new group of urban poor who became poor since the open and reform in China. So the lonely olds, the disables, the adults who are in long unemployment and rural floating people are included in this group, because they are in the lowest positions and have not changed for a long time. But the new group of the urban poor has moved down from the middle or higher social positions to the lower ones. Now they have such social attributes: they are in lowest social and economical positions; they are not able to improve their positions by themselves; they are marginalized and their positions are followed by their children and grandchildren and so on. In a short, this group has a limit of social resources and cultural capital. They are damaged by social transition and are pushed from the middle social positions to the lowest ones. But they are not given a important attention by other groups, and so they need more social assistances and helps to shake off poverty . In my opinion, their poverty should be decreased by institutional innovation and social policies.There are altogether five chapters in the dissertation : In chapter 1 , author tries to back to and evaluate the related researches and documents. Chapter 2 focuses on the mechanism how the new group of urban poor become more and more poor, and are be marginalized. Then author continues to analyze the marginalization of their social, cultural and political resources in chapter 3 and give a detailed description of the current urban poverty situations in China. Chapter 4 discusses the reasons that make the group become poor,there are market marginalization, institutional marginalization and individual marginalization that give result in the new urban poor. Chapter 5 serving as a conclusion to the dissertation, 6 conclusions are given out based on the above analysis concerning the urban poverty of China.Here are such following conclusions: firstly, the institutional one has played the most important role in the practice. Secondly, the new urban poverty has been a threat to our social integration and social harmony construction. It is time to decrease the urban poor through institutional improvement, the support of urban governments and social participations.