Changchun City Middle School Students And Elementary School Students Sports Involvement And Stages Theory And Experimental Research

Sport Participation was a new content of the learning domain, with the expanding of the new reform of curriculum in the basic education. As the first one, Sport Participation was paid much attention by teachers and educators. But in our country, studies about it were just started, and some domains were empty. By means of document data method, basing on the theories of the concept and structure of participation, the research has been directed to the concept and the level structure of Sport Participation. By means of questionnaire, observation, videotape recording, interview and statistics, the study has determined the layers of students'Sport Participation and then comparatively analyzed the cause of the difference between two levels. The findings are as follows. Firstly, Sport Participation means students involve their physical and psychological energy in and out of physical education class. Basing on the degree of individual's participation, Sport Participation would be divided into three layers: the embryo layer, the developing layer, the mature layer. According to the behavior of students, layers of Sport Participation took on the successive characters of physical and psychological involvements in the subject. Secondly, there existed obvious differences between the participation layers of students whose level was prescribed in the new curriculum standard as 3 and 4. With the upgrading of their study level, students'participation layer degraded. Of the factors that influence Sport Participation, students'need was the subjective factor, the attraction from sport game, field and equipments was the substantial one, the physical education was the important developing one. Thirdly, the conflicts between teachers'arrangement and the need of students were the first reason that leads the degrading of students'Sport Participation. The conflicts between teachers'involvement in the class and students'attitude about the physical education class were the direct reason. The unbalance of the development on body and mental, household, society were the exterior reason. Those should be paid more attention by teachers. Fourthly, there existed no obvious difference between different sex of level 3. But boys'participation layer of level 4 was better than girls obviously. The reason was the difference of the students'physical and psychology characters, especially the difference of their sex-orientation. There existed obvious differences between same sex of different levels. The layer of Sport Participation of level 3 exceeded that of level 4. The suggestions were as follows. First, teachers should understand and grasp correctly the truth of the new curriculum standard, carry out firmly the guideline of whole development. Secondly, training of teachers'capacity should be enhanced, and their working ability should be strengthened. Thirdly, pay attention to cultivating students'consciousness of participation and bring into play the main role of students. At last, carry forward health culture, and create the good sports culture.