Funds System Of Academies' In The Sony Dynasty

Academy was a cultural and educational organization special in ancient China.It was not only the education organization,but also the center of learning.It has aunique character between official school and old-style private school,so as its ways of financing,disbursement and management.The academy could neither gain the financial allocation from the government,like the official school,nor independently operate its own outlays to launch completely free academic research,like the old-style private school.But it is exactly the financial support from the government that makes it have a longer existence than the old-style private school lived upon its unstable financial source,and makes it freer in academic field than the official school that was completely controlled by the government.On the other hand,as regards the academy,how to gain more support from the government and launch the free academic study at the same time was the key problem to be solved.Certainly,this problem was also closely connected with the financing,disbursement and management.Because of its successful operation in financing,Chinese traditional academies could go through thousand years.this thesis gives the discussion and looks into theresearch upon the financing of this academy on the basis of the existing research achievements of elder scholars.Discussion upon financing,disbursement and management of Academy is given in this thesis.The introduction in the preface chapter systemically reviews and summarizes the research fruits on the academies'financing since 1930s,and meanwhile,it points out the text is shown in chapters1 2,3,4,and 5.The introduction to the development of the Academy is given in Chapter 1.The first Academy came up in song Dynasty,academy's functions of teaching,sacrifice and collecting of books were further enhanced,and furthermore the academies'rules were more perfect.The second chapter is concerned with the academies'financing.Through gathering and analyzing materials,such as the general records of a country or academies,the author then drew a conclusion that these academies raised funds through four ways.the third chapter states the disbursement or payment of the academies the payment of the academies.The academies'payment was for the teachers',managers'and workers'salaries and students'allowances.In addition,the academies must pay for the sacrifices and the books.The statistics show that most disbursement is paid to the teaching needs and little to the administration, that is,the disbursement is apt tothe teaching. he fourth chapter.The Academy had a very perfect administrative system and special rules and regulations that could effectively control the outlays or funds of the academy.There were accountants and treasurers who worked together to control the money.The government and the academy had their own supervision agencies to make sure how money to be effectively used by the academy.