On The Transformation Of Institution Of Normal Education In The United States

In the 1970s, the United States, which firstly carried out transformation of institution of normal education (TINE), had achieved universitisation of normal education. Reformation of normal education had made some prominent improvements during the transformation in the United Stated, which amazed the world. Normal education had gone through the process from normal school, normal college to college in university. The law of its development played an important role in the study of Euramerican education history, meanwhile the transformation of normal education institution is instructive and helpful to the present reform carried out in our country.This thesis examines this issue in historical perspective and, based on comparison and references, analyzes the process of American universitisation of normal education and its present reform and development, in order to find out factors which influenced its development and dig out some laws and experiences.Besides the introduction and the epilogue, the article includes three parts.The first part is a review of American normal education history. It looks back on the process that American education has gone through, from normal school, normal college to universities.The second part strives to explore the causes, approaches, essence and disputations of TINE in the United States. Institution of normal education under the influences of all walks of society must adjust and reform to be perfect. This study focuses on the four approaches of transformation: the evolution from normal school to normal college and to university's college of education; the evolution from chair of pedagogy to university's college of education; the establishment of university's college of education, and the establishment of department of education in Liberal Arts College. On the basis of exploring the causes and approaches, the thesis demonstrates that the essence of TINE is a change of framework and divisions of function of normal education system. Meanwhile, TINE is accompanied by the two disputations: "universitization and counter-universitization" and "academic nature and professional nature". The third part introduces the advantages and disadvantages of universitisation of normal education and the prospects of development in the United States. Normal education carrying on in university has its advantages; meanwhile there are still some deficiencies and room for improvement. The advantages mainly include five aspects such as extension of functions of normal college in the university. The transformation also brought some problems, such as the fringing of normal education in universities. The prospects of development of normal education in the United States are building the frameworks of professional knowledge of education and building the developmental and cooperative relationship between educational college and other colleges and so on.The epilogue talks about the inspiration to the reform of education in our country.