With the development of society, the consolidation in rural elementary and secondary schools is one important part of the new village construction. And the consolidation is a valid method to realize the educational equity. There are various factors to influent the school consolidation, including population, governmental outlay, non-governmental care, environment, culture and so on. To know them deeply is the base to realize the rural school consolidation. This thesis aims at a case of F County. Through the research, the rural school consolidation can be represented and analyzed by four aspects, which are school, parents, students and non-government. Through the actuality, this thesis displays some present problems and gives concrete suggestions.This thesis adopts the qualitative research as a main method. In the part of theory, the comparative research is applied widely. We can get a general recognition by the relative experience in foreign countries. In the research of F County, the observational method and interview method are used widely in order to form the theory and explain the activity. Meanwhile, I gain some datum to display vividly. And those methods can't exist separately.
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