Research On The Characteristics Of Schooling And Forming Of The Institutions Of The Higher Learning In China

Nowadays, it has been one of the main trends for universities all over the world in pursuing to form their own characteristics of schooling. What's more, it becomes a theoretical and practical point universally focused on in higher education circle. For our country, while the undergraduate education level evaluation work is well underway, the characteristic of schooling in higher education schools becomes a hot topic. So, in order to seek their fortune and develop themselves in fierce competitions at home and broad, how to improve the situation of thousand universities in one type into various characteristics becomes a question. It is not just a course of theoretical but great practical significance. Therefore, by literature and case methods etc. and on the basis of reforming the meaning and character of schooling characteristics, the article primarily discusses about theoretical foundation of higher education's schooling characteristics. Then relying on parts of the characteristic items from the report of 150 universities' undergraduate education level evaluation, it concludes its characteristics into a general rule on its types and forms, and a regular rule refined from characteristics in all types of schools. The main contents are as follows:Firstly, it classifies the definitions of different representative characteristics of schooling in higher education in existence and figures out its own definition. In the article,characteristics of schooling is defined as unique and stable spirit in its own characteristic for a university, which is formed in the process of long-term school-running, long-lastingly and steadily, and always is expressed vividly and incisively in all aspects of schooling as the aspect of environment and teaching condition, projects' carrying and of the management concept. It is not only good for its self-survive and development, but distinguished from others. So, there are five basic characters of higher education's characteristics of schooling including in it: uniqueness, high-quality, stability and developing and leading trend.Secondly, this essay does a research to explore the theory foundation of features in colleges and universities ,mainly explore and analyze the relationship among features of higher school and the philosophical theory, popularization theory in higher education and core competitive power theory. Thirdly, after documenting the characteristic items of 150 universities which has their own types, basing on the school-running ideas ,university spirit, educating modes, educational systems, talent's characters, teaching methods and its reforming, management systems, operation mechanism and other kinds of items, and combining with recent interrelated researches, there comes five types including the characteristics of school-running ideas, university spirit, educational systems, educating modes and talent's characters. They are related each other, and in a inevitably logical relevance.At last, after analyzing parts of the items in 150 universities from the documents, it refines the general rule in the characteristics of schooling in higher education. That is unearthing the school-running history and continuing the universities spirit;spotting the purpose of it and ensuring the served wide; recreating its management idea and practicing it;gaining its advantages and deciding its characteristic items. So, in this foundation, it summarizes a special rule which is formed in comprehensive universities, universities of science and technology and normal universities at the end of the article.