Comparative Research On The Development Of Physical Education Between China & Russia In Elementary And Middle School

At present,the new round reform of physical education is carried out in China.The implement of new course standard is the symbol of physical education teaching reform.There are both successful and failed aspects in the process of reform.There are following 2 approaches to improve Chinese physical education reform:first,reforming the physical education teaching;second,absorbing the experiences and advantages of other countries.There is profound historical origin of physical education teaching in elementary and middle school of between China and Russian.The national physical training standard,which was started from the system of "labor-guard system",originates from Soviet Union in 1950s'.Nowadays,China and Soviet Union encounter similar difficulties in the physical education teaching reform.For example,dislike of PE course,the students' physical constitution is delicate year by year and so on.Therefore,it is significant for China to learn from Russia about the physical education teaching in primary and middle school.Comprehensive methods are used to analyze the goal,content and appraisal of physical education teaching in Chinese and Russian's primary and middle school.Conclusions of the paper are as follows:1.In physical education teaching,both China and Russia pay more attention to individual standard instead of social standard,and its values tend to be diversified."developing students' independent abilities and habits of physical exercises",the goal of physical education teaching in Russia,could be a helpful enlightenment for "lifelong physical education" in China.2.The content system of Russian physical education teaching includes theory and practices,and the elective courses are increasing;On the other hand,more attention is paid to the needs of students,cultivation of personality and systemic basic knowledge.The changes exist in the New Curriculum Standard of Chinese physical education teaching,which give teachers right to choose contents independently but also bring inconveniences in the process of teaching.3.Compared with the Russian physical education teaching appraisal (emphasizing combination of the individual evaluation and comprehensive evaluation),the Chinese Course Standard of Physical Education and Health pay no attention to "unified standard" and "unified requirement" evaluation,which leads to the "non-standard" and "non-discrimination" in physical education teaching appraisal and leads to negative effects on teaching quality of physical education.