Comparative Research On Sport Curriculum Between China & Russia In Compulsory Education Stage (1-9 Grade)

Facing the opportunity and challenge of the 21^th century,nowadays each country is working on education reform,take talent training and quality improvement as important part.The issue of course is the main issue in education;curriculum reform has becoming the focus in modern education reform.Physical education is a part of education.How to make sport curriculum reform adapt to the requirement of the quality education? It is a serious issue and physical educator is facing.China & Russia has a long historical relation in sport curriculum,Chinese physical education syllabus has a great similarity with the former Soviet Union,and nobody can cut them apart.China & Russia has the need and necessity to learn from each other in the area of sport curriculum.This paper has great guide meaning to the practice of physical education and has great reference value to the current sport curriculum reform.This paper's subject is sport curriculum setting,target,content and management of China & Russia in elementary and middle school from 1 to 9 grade.The time span start from the independence of Russia in 1991 to the year of 2006.The writer used the way of literature,logic analysis,talking with experts,comparison,to analyze the similarity and difference in sport curriculum between the two countries.From the paper we can get the following conclusions:(1) In sport curriculum setting,Russia national sport curriculum standard is much more particular,Russian sport curriculum was set separately with elementary life security curriculum,Chinese sport and health curriculum were set together.No matter how these two curriculum were set,eventually showed a main purpose:Physical education is for health and cherishing the life.(2) China & Russia has it's own specialty in sport curriculum target.Chinese school divided the target into 6 mini targets according to the 5 learning areas.But Russian divided the target into 3 mini targets according to the learning period.We can get the conclusion from the sport curriculum target that the health and interest of the students are being considered,showing the main status of the students.(3) Talking about sport curriculum content,both China & Russia pays great attention to the development of her traditional sport,just because of that reason, Chinese Wushu or sport events on ice or snow in Russia always keep in the front of the world.The difference between China and Russia is that the curriculum content of sport theory in Russia is much wider than in China,Russia does not limit the content on the style and the meaning of sport,also include history of sport,history of Olympic Games and the function of sport to the Russian soldiers.Russia sets up sport aesthetics in the part of sport practice,it combines sport with aesthetics in a very good way and it is helpful to the pupils to learn correct aesthetics from young period.(4)In the management of sport curriculum.Russia experienced a situation out of control of the decentralization in early 1990s,and then started to centralize and began to promulgate a series of regulatory documents to regulate the sport curriculum.At the same period in China management of sport curriculum was gradually decentralized.Sport curriculum target,content and management was progressed constantly in China.But still has not formed theory of sport curriculum and practice with Chinese characteristics.This is not coordinated with the rapid development of Chinese market economy.The writer hope this paper could provide some reference to Chinese sport curriculum theory and practice.